ATI RN
Respiratory System Questions and Answers PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
Oxygen dissociation curve shows the relation between
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The oxygen dissociation curve illustrates the relationship between oxyhemoglobin saturation and oxygen tension. As oxygen tension increases, hemoglobin binds more oxygen until it becomes fully saturated. Option A is correct as it accurately describes this relationship. Option B is incorrect because carbon dioxide level does not directly affect the oxygen-hemoglobin binding. Option C is incorrect as it does not reflect the relationship shown by the curve. Option D is incorrect because it mixes the variables of oxygen and carbon dioxide, which are not directly related in the oxygen dissociation curve.
Question 2 of 5
In addition to heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and temperature, the nurse needs to assess a patient's arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). What procedure will best accomplish this?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Pulse oximetry is a non-invasive method of measuring SaO2 by using a sensor attached to a patient's fingertip, earlobe, or toe. Step 2: It provides immediate and continuous monitoring of oxygen saturation levels in the blood, making it an efficient and reliable method. Step 3: Pulse oximetry is widely used in clinical settings due to its accuracy and convenience. Step 4: In contrast, the other options are not direct methods for assessing SaO2. Incentive spirometry helps improve lung function, ABG measures blood pH and gases, and peak flow measures airflow in the lungs.
Question 3 of 5
The patient has just had an MRI ordered because a routine chest x-ray showed suspicious areas in the right lung. The physician suspects bronchogenic carcinoma. An MRI would most likely be ordered to assess for what in this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Chest wall invasion. An MRI would be ordered to assess for any potential invasion of the chest wall by the suspected bronchogenic carcinoma. MRI provides detailed imaging of soft tissues and can help determine the extent of tumor invasion beyond the lungs. Explanation: A: Alveolar dysfunction - Alveolar dysfunction is typically assessed using pulmonary function tests or imaging techniques like CT scans, not MRI. B: Forced vital capacity - Forced vital capacity is a measure of lung function and is not typically assessed using MRI. C: Tidal volume - Tidal volume is a measure of the volume of air moved in and out of the lungs during normal breathing and is not assessed using MRI in this context.
Question 4 of 5
During hyperpnea:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: During hyperpnea, which is increased rate and depth of breathing, both inspiration and expiration require muscular contractions. Inspiration involves the diaphragm contracting and external intercostal muscles expanding the rib cage, while expiration involves the internal intercostal muscles contracting to decrease the thoracic cavity volume. This increased muscular effort is necessary to meet the increased oxygen demand of the body during hyperpnea. Options A and C are incorrect as they incorrectly describe either inspiration or expiration as passive. Option B is incorrect as it inaccurately states that expiration is passive, which is not the case during hyperpnea.
Question 5 of 5
Total alveolar surface area is reduced in
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: emphysema. Emphysema is a condition characterized by the destruction of alveolar walls, leading to a decrease in alveolar surface area for gas exchange. This reduction in surface area impairs the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs. In contrast, lung cancer (A) primarily affects lung tissue but may not directly reduce alveolar surface area. Atelectasis (B) refers to the collapse of lung tissue, which can impact ventilation but not necessarily alveolar surface area. Pneumothorax (D) is the presence of air in the pleural space and does not directly affect alveolar surface area.