Oxygen belongs to which block of the periodic table?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of the periodic table, oxygen belongs to the p block element. This is because oxygen is located in group 16 of the periodic table, also known as the oxygen family or chalcogens. Elements in group 16 have their outermost electrons in p orbitals, which classifies them as p block elements. Option A, s block element, is incorrect because elements in the s block have their outermost electrons in the s orbital, which is not the case for oxygen. Option C, d block element, is incorrect as elements in the d block have their outermost electrons in d orbitals, which again does not apply to oxygen. Understanding the periodic table and the organization of elements based on their electron configurations is essential in the field of nursing. In the context of oxygenation, nurses need to have a fundamental understanding of oxygen as an element, its properties, and its role in respiratory processes to provide effective care to patients with respiratory conditions. By knowing the correct placement of oxygen in the periodic table, nurses can better comprehend its behavior and interactions in the body, aiding in clinical decision-making and patient care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of pediatric asthma, the correct answer is A) Febrile episodes. Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and hyper-responsiveness, leading to symptoms like wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. Febrile episodes, or periods of fever, can act as a trigger for asthma attacks in children for several reasons. During a febrile episode, the body's metabolic rate increases, leading to higher oxygen demand. In children with asthma, this increased respiratory demand can exacerbate their already compromised airways, making it harder for them to breathe and potentially triggering an asthma attack. Additionally, fever is often associated with viral or bacterial infections, which can further inflame the airways and worsen asthma symptoms. Now, let's explore why the other options are incorrect: B) Loud noises: While loud noises can be stressful or startling, they are not a common trigger for asthma attacks in children. Asthma triggers are typically related to respiratory irritants or allergens. C) High sugar intake: Although excessive sugar intake can have negative health consequences, it is not a direct trigger for asthma attacks. Asthma triggers are more closely linked to respiratory factors. D) Bright lights: Bright lights do not have a physiological effect on asthma symptoms. Asthma triggers are primarily related to factors that affect the airways and respiratory system. In an educational context, understanding common triggers for asthma attacks in children is crucial for healthcare providers, caregivers, and educators. By recognizing and addressing these triggers, we can help prevent asthma exacerbations and promote better respiratory health in children with asthma. Educating families about avoiding known triggers, managing respiratory infections promptly, and maintaining good asthma control can significantly improve the quality of life for children with asthma.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Total cholesterol: 280 mg/dL (7.3 mmol/L) because elevated total cholesterol is a significant risk factor for atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a condition where plaque builds up inside the arteries, leading to reduced blood flow. High levels of total cholesterol can contribute to the formation of this plaque, increasing the risk of atherosclerosis. Option B) High-density lipoprotein cholesterol: 50 mg/dL (1.3 mmol/L) is not indicative of atherosclerosis as high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is considered "good" cholesterol that helps remove other forms of cholesterol from your bloodstream. Option C) Triglycerides: 200 mg/dL (2.3 mmol/L) are not a direct indicator of atherosclerosis. Elevated triglyceride levels are associated with other health risks like heart disease and stroke, but they do not directly point to atherosclerosis. Option D) Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: 160 mg/dL (4.1 mmol/L) is a type of cholesterol that is often referred to as "bad" cholesterol. While high levels of LDL cholesterol are a risk factor for atherosclerosis, total cholesterol levels (including LDL and HDL) are a more comprehensive indicator of atherosclerosis risk. In an educational context, understanding how different lipid profiles can impact cardiovascular health is crucial for nurses caring for patients at risk for atherosclerosis. Educating patients on the importance of managing their cholesterol levels through lifestyle modifications and possibly medications can help prevent or slow the progression of atherosclerosis, ultimately reducing the risk of cardiovascular events.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer, option B, Nasal cannula, is the most suitable oxygen delivery device to safely administer 24% oxygen at a flow rate of 2 liters per minute due to its ability to provide low to moderate oxygen concentrations. Nasal cannulas are designed to deliver oxygen directly to the patient's nose, making them ideal for lower oxygen requirements. Option A, Face mask, is not the best choice for 24% oxygen delivery as it is more commonly used for higher concentrations of oxygen. Option C, Nonrebreather mask, is used for delivering high concentrations of oxygen and not suitable for 24% oxygen delivery. Option D, Venturi mask, is designed for precise oxygen delivery at specific concentrations and is typically used for patients requiring precise oxygen levels, making it unnecessary for administering 24% oxygen. In an educational context, understanding the appropriate oxygen delivery devices and their indications is crucial for nursing students. Knowing when to use each device based on the patient's oxygen needs is essential for providing safe and effective care. This question reinforces the importance of selecting the right oxygen delivery device based on the prescribed oxygen concentration and flow rate to ensure optimal patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer to recommend a book (D) as a get-well gift to a client diagnosed with asthma is based on several key factors. Firstly, books do not pose a risk of triggering asthma symptoms as they do not contain allergens like flowers (A) or dust that may be found in stuffed animals (B). Additionally, food items such as fruit and candy (C) can potentially contain ingredients that may act as triggers for asthma or allergies in some individuals. From an educational perspective, recommending a book aligns with the principles of patient-centered care and safety. Educating individuals about asthma triggers and the importance of avoiding them in the environment can help prevent exacerbations and promote better health outcomes. By choosing a non-allergenic and asthma-friendly gift like a book, the nurse not only demonstrates consideration for the client's health but also imparts valuable knowledge to the friend about managing asthma effectively. In nursing practice, it is crucial to consider the individualized needs and health conditions of each patient when making recommendations or providing care. This scenario highlights the significance of promoting an asthma-safe environment and the role of nurses in educating both patients and their support network on asthma management strategies. By understanding the potential triggers for asthma exacerbations and making informed choices, individuals can contribute to creating a supportive and healthy environment for those living with asthma.