ATI RN
Nutrition and Fluid Balance Questions
Question 1 of 5
Overall, input of substances found in plasma is not controlled to a large extent.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Plasma contains various substances like water, electrolytes, hormones, and nutrients. Step 2: The input of these substances is mainly determined by factors like diet, metabolism, and hormonal regulation. Step 3: Therefore, the overall input of substances in plasma is not extensively controlled. Step 4: Choice A (TRUE) is correct because the input of substances in plasma is not highly regulated. Step 5: Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the fact that the input of substances in plasma is not tightly controlled.
Question 2 of 5
Na+ is the major cation of the ICF, while K+ is the major anion of the ECF.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. Na+ is the major cation of the ECF (extracellular fluid), not the ICF (intracellular fluid). K+ is the major cation of the ICF, not the major anion of the ECF. Therefore, the statement in the question is incorrect. Choice A is incorrect because it incorrectly states the information. Choices C and D are irrelevant as they do not provide any relevant response to the question.
Question 3 of 5
Salt conservation by the body will result in an increase in ECF volume and not hypertonicity of the ECF.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: When the body conserves salt, it retains more sodium ions in the extracellular fluid (ECF). Step 2: Sodium ions attract water, leading to an increase in ECF volume. Step 3: This increase in volume dilutes the ECF, making it less hypertonic. Step 4: Therefore, salt conservation results in increased ECF volume, not hypertonicity. Summary: Option A is correct because salt conservation leads to volume expansion in the ECF, not hypertonicity. Option B is incorrect as it misinterprets the relationship between salt conservation and ECF characteristics. Options C and D are not applicable as they are placeholders.
Question 4 of 5
Extracellular fluid volume depends primarily on the sodium load in the body.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Extracellular fluid volume is mainly regulated by sodium levels as sodium plays a key role in maintaining fluid balance. When sodium levels are high, water is retained in the extracellular space, increasing volume. Conversely, low sodium levels lead to water excretion, decreasing volume. Therefore, the statement that extracellular fluid volume depends primarily on sodium load is true. Other choices are not applicable as they do not provide relevant information.
Question 5 of 5
A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes and a lower concentration of H O than an isotonic solution.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Define hypertonic solution as having a higher solute concentration. Step 2: Define isotonic solution as having equal solute concentrations. Step 3: Hypertonic solution has lower water concentration due to higher solute concentration. Step 4: Therefore, A is TRUE: Hypertonic solution has higher solute concentration and lower water concentration. Summary: B is incorrect because hypertonic solution does have higher solute concentration. Choices C and D are not applicable as they do not provide relevant information.