Over the last week, a person has had finger stick glucose levels of 127, 132, 140, 138, 143, 145, and 140. This information allows the nurse to characterize the person’s function pattern by utilizing which area of focus?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Pattern. This question relates to the concept of pattern recognition in health promotion and pharmacology. By monitoring the finger stick glucose levels over time, the nurse is looking for a pattern or trend in the data to characterize the person's health status, specifically related to glucose levels. The consistency and trend in the glucose levels help in identifying any abnormal patterns that may indicate issues like diabetes or insulin resistance. Option A) Age-developmental is incorrect because it does not address the specific monitoring and analysis of glucose levels over time. Option B) Functional does not capture the aspect of identifying patterns in the data. Option C) Individual-environmental is also incorrect as it does not directly relate to the monitoring of glucose levels and recognizing patterns in the data. Understanding patterns in health data is crucial for healthcare professionals to make informed decisions about patient care, especially in pharmacology where medications and treatments are often tailored based on individual health patterns. This question highlights the importance of recognizing and analyzing patterns in health data to inform clinical decision-making and promote patient well-being.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, option B, "Only sees a physician if not feeling well," best describes the behavior of a person experiencing an alteration in the health-perception–health-management and values-beliefs pattern. This choice aligns with the manifestations of altered health perception and management, where the individual tends to seek medical help only when symptoms are present, indicating a reactive approach to health care. This behavior reflects a lack of proactive health management and possibly a disregard for preventive care. Option A, "Never sees a physician," is incorrect as it represents a more extreme scenario and would not necessarily capture the nuanced changes in health perception and management described in the question. Option C, "Sees a physician for screenings only," does not address the primary issue of seeking medical care primarily in response to symptoms rather than for preventive purposes. Option D, "Sees a physician for follow-up care of a chronic disease," also does not capture the essence of altered health perception and values-beliefs patterns described in the question, as it pertains more to disease management rather than overall health perception and beliefs. From an educational perspective, understanding these patterns is crucial in pharmacology and health promotion to provide holistic care. Educating individuals about the importance of regular check-ups, preventive screenings, and proactive health management can help promote better health outcomes and prevent complications associated with delayed medical intervention. It is essential to address underlying beliefs and perceptions that influence health behaviors to encourage individuals to adopt a more proactive approach to their health.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct next step for the nurse to take is option B) Set a goal weight with the person. This choice is the most appropriate because it involves collaborative goal-setting with the individual, which is crucial in addressing a dysfunction in the nutritional-metabolic pattern. Setting a goal weight with the person allows for personalized care planning, promotes client autonomy, and ensures that the goals are realistic and achievable. Option A) Weigh the person is not the best next step as it focuses solely on obtaining a measurement without actively involving the individual in their care. This approach may not address the underlying issues contributing to the nutritional-metabolic dysfunction. Option C) Ask the person what her favorite foods are, while important for understanding preferences, does not directly address the need for establishing a goal weight and developing a plan to improve the nutritional-metabolic pattern. Option D) Develop a plan for weight loss assumes a specific course of action without first engaging the individual in collaborative goal-setting, which may not align with the person's needs, preferences, or readiness for change. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to understand the significance of client-centered care and the importance of involving individuals in decision-making processes regarding their health. Collaborative goal-setting empowers clients, enhances motivation for behavior change, and ultimately leads to more successful outcomes in addressing health issues such as nutritional-metabolic dysfunctions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and health promotion, understanding the leading causes of death among women is crucial for healthcare professionals to provide targeted interventions and education. The correct answer, Coronary artery disease (CAD) (Option C), is the leading cause of death among women globally. CAD is a significant public health concern due to factors like lifestyle choices, genetics, and hormonal influences. Women often present with atypical symptoms of CAD, leading to underdiagnosis and undertreatment. Option A, Accidents, while a significant cause of mortality, is not the leading cause of death among women. Option B, Cancer, is a prevalent health issue for women but does not surpass CAD in terms of mortality rates. Option D, Stroke, is a leading cause of death but typically ranks below CAD in women. Educationally, emphasizing CAD as the primary cause of death among women underscores the importance of cardiovascular health promotion, risk factor management, and early detection strategies in clinical practice. Pharmacological interventions for CAD, such as lipid-lowering agents and antiplatelet therapy, play a vital role in preventing adverse cardiovascular events in women. Understanding these distinctions equips healthcare providers to address women's unique health needs effectively.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In Gordon's functional health patterns, the roles-relationships pattern focuses on understanding how the family unit operates and how its members interact with each other. The most appropriate question for the nurse to ask in this context is "How are problems in the family resolved?" This question directly addresses the dynamics of problem-solving within the family, shedding light on its communication, conflict resolution, and decision-making processes. Option A, "What is the family’s philosophy of health?" while important, pertains more to the health perception-health management pattern and may not provide insights into the roles-relationships pattern. Option B, "What does the family do to have fun?" is related to the leisure-activity pattern and does not directly address relationships or roles within the family. Option D, "Who decides when and how children go to sleep?" focuses on the coping-stress tolerance pattern and does not pertain to roles and relationships within the family. Educationally, understanding Gordon's functional health patterns is vital for nurses to comprehensively assess clients' health across various domains. By asking the right questions based on these patterns, nurses can gather holistic information for effective care planning and intervention. Therefore, mastering the appropriate questions for each pattern is essential for a nurse's assessment skills and patient care outcomes.