ATI RN
Chapter 14 Nutrition and Fluid Balance Questions
Question 1 of 5
Output of a substance is always matched equally with its input.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Certainly! The correct answer is B: FALSE. This statement is incorrect because in real-world systems, the output of a substance is not always matched equally with its input due to factors such as losses, inefficiencies, and transformations. Therefore, it is not always true that input equals output. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the variability and discrepancies that can occur between input and output in systems.
Question 2 of 5
Although transcellular fluids perform functional roles in the body, their collective volume forms a negligible fraction of total body water.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because transcellular fluids, such as cerebrospinal fluid and synovial fluid, play essential functions in the body. However, their overall volume is relatively small compared to other body fluids like intracellular and extracellular fluids. Therefore, while transcellular fluids are important for specific functions, their total volume is indeed a negligible fraction of total body water. Choice B is incorrect because transcellular fluids do have functional roles, as mentioned earlier. Choices C and D are not applicable (NA) as they do not provide any relevant information to the question.
Question 3 of 5
The most important reason for tight regulation of ECF osmolarity is to ensure that blood pressure is maintained at an appropriate level.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Regulation of extracellular fluid (ECF) osmolarity is primarily to maintain cell function and prevent osmotic imbalances, not specifically for blood pressure regulation. Osmotic balance is crucial for cellular processes like nutrient exchange and waste removal. Tight regulation prevents cell shrinkage or swelling. Blood pressure is more directly controlled by mechanisms like vascular resistance and cardiac output. Other choices are irrelevant as they are not applicable to the question.
Question 4 of 5
The amount of sodium reabsorbed by the kidneys depends on the baroreceptor reflex and adjustments to glomerular
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. Sodium reabsorption in the kidneys is primarily regulated by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and not the baroreceptor reflex. The baroreceptor reflex primarily regulates blood pressure through changes in heart rate and vascular tone. Therefore, choice B is correct. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not provide accurate explanations related to the regulation of sodium reabsorption in the kidneys.
Question 5 of 5
The ECF volume and osmolarity are regulated primarily by the kidneys.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: TRUE. The extracellular fluid (ECF) volume and osmolarity are indeed primarily regulated by the kidneys. The kidneys control water and electrolyte balance in the body, adjusting urine concentration to maintain ECF volume and osmolarity within a narrow range. They regulate the reabsorption and excretion of water and electrolytes in response to hormonal signals and the body's needs. The other choices are incorrect as they do not provide any relevant information or explanation.