Orange-colored body secretions are a side effect of which TB medication?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Rifampin. Rifampin is known to cause orange-colored body secretions as a side effect, particularly urine, sweat, saliva, and tears. This discoloration is harmless and reversible, and typically not a cause for alarm or discontinuation of the medication. It is important for nurses and healthcare professionals to educate patients about this potential side effect to alleviate concerns. Option A) Isoniazid is incorrect because it does not typically cause orange-colored body secretions. Common side effects of isoniazid include peripheral neuropathy and hepatotoxicity. Option C) Ethambutol is incorrect because it is associated with alterations in red-green color discrimination, particularly affecting vision. It is important to monitor for changes in vision while on ethambutol. Option D) Pyrazinamide is incorrect as it is not typically associated with orange-colored body secretions. Common side effects of pyrazinamide include hepatotoxicity and hyperuricemia. Educationally, understanding the side effects of medications used in the treatment of tuberculosis is crucial for nurses and healthcare providers to ensure safe administration and monitoring of patients. By being knowledgeable about these side effects, healthcare professionals can educate patients effectively, monitor for adverse reactions, and intervene promptly if needed.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Readings in the yellow zone indicate a decrease in peak flow. The patient should use short-acting β2-adrenergic (SABA) medications. Readings in the green zone indicate good asthma control. The patient should exhale quickly and forcefully through the peak flow meter mouthpiece to obtain the readings.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) No, only with inhaled corticosteroids. Long-acting β2-agonists should not be used alone for asthma control because they do not address the underlying inflammation in asthma. Inhaled corticosteroids are the cornerstone for long-term control of asthma as they reduce airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness. Combining long-acting β2-agonists with inhaled corticosteroids provides both bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory effects, resulting in better asthma control. Option A) Yes, as first-line therapy is incorrect because using long-acting β2-agonists alone without inhaled corticosteroids can lead to inadequate control of asthma symptoms and increased risk of exacerbations. Option C) Yes, before exercise is incorrect because long-acting β2-agonists are not recommended as sole therapy for asthma control, even before exercise. Inhaled corticosteroids should be included in the treatment regimen for long-term asthma control. Option D) No, only with SABA is incorrect because short-acting β2-agonists (SABA) are used for quick relief of acute asthma symptoms, while long-acting β2-agonists are used for long-term control when combined with inhaled corticosteroids. In an educational context, it is crucial for healthcare providers to understand the appropriate use of medications in asthma management to optimize patient outcomes. Emphasizing the importance of using inhaled corticosteroids as the foundation of long-term asthma control and the role of long-acting β2-agonists as adjunct therapy can help healthcare providers make informed decisions in managing asthma effectively.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) A highly reactive non-metal that promotes combustion. Oxygen is a non-metal element that is highly reactive, especially in the presence of heat or other catalysts, which makes it support combustion. It is a critical element in sustaining life as it is essential for cellular respiration in organisms. Option B) A noble gas that is unreactive is incorrect because noble gases are a group of elements known for their stable and unreactive nature. Oxygen does not fall into this category. Option C) A metal that conducts electricity is incorrect because oxygen is not a metal; it is a non-metal element. Metals are typically good conductors of electricity, while non-metals are not. Option D) A radioactive element is incorrect because oxygen is not a radioactive element. Radioactive elements undergo decay and emit radiation, which is not a property of oxygen. In an educational context, understanding the properties of oxygen is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially when administering oxygen therapy. Knowing that oxygen is a reactive non-metal that supports combustion helps in ensuring its safe and effective use in clinical settings. This knowledge is also essential for passing exams like the NCLEX, where a clear understanding of basic science concepts is required for success.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) Validate that informed consent has been given by the client. Informed consent is crucial before any invasive procedure such as a thoracentesis to ensure the client understands the risks, benefits, and alternatives. It is a legal and ethical requirement to respect the client's autonomy and right to make informed decisions about their care. Option A is incorrect as measuring oxygen saturation before and after a 12-minute walk is unrelated to preparing a client for a thoracentesis procedure. Option B is incorrect because while ensuring the client understands complications is essential, obtaining informed consent takes precedence. Option C is incorrect as explaining the procedure to the client and family is important but does not address the legal and ethical necessity of obtaining informed consent. In an educational context, it is vital for nurses to understand the legal and ethical implications of informed consent to provide safe and patient-centered care. Emphasizing the importance of obtaining informed consent before procedures helps ensure that clients are actively involved in their care decisions, promoting trust and collaboration in the nurse-client relationship.