ATI RN
Basic Principles of Patient Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
One type of cancer that can affect a person who has AIDS is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Kaposi's sarcoma. This type of cancer is commonly associated with AIDS due to its link to the human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), which tends to affect individuals with weakened immune systems. Kaposi's sarcoma presents as skin lesions and can also affect internal organs. Pneumocystis pneumonia (A) is an opportunistic infection common in AIDS patients, not a cancer. Prostate cancer (B) and liver cancer (C) are not specifically associated with AIDS.
Question 2 of 5
One way for a nursing assistant to determine whether to perform a procedure or not is to
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Perform a procedure if it is within his scope of practice. This is the correct choice because performing procedures within one's scope of practice ensures that the nursing assistant has the necessary training, skills, and legal authorization to safely carry out the task. It aligns with professional standards and guidelines, promoting patient safety and quality care. A, B, and C are incorrect choices because they do not consider the importance of following legal and ethical boundaries in healthcare. Choice A suggests performing procedures without training, which can lead to harm to the patient. Choice B implies a trial-and-error approach, which is unsafe and unprofessional. Choice C disregards the importance of job descriptions and legal limitations, potentially risking patient safety and violating regulations.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient on the medical-surgical floor. Which activity will the nurse encourage to prevent venous stasis and the formation of thrombus?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Leg exercises. Leg exercises promote circulation, preventing venous stasis and thrombus formation postoperatively. Contracting leg muscles helps push blood back to the heart, reducing the risk of blood clots. Diaphragmatic breathing (A) and incentive spirometry (B) aid in lung expansion, not in preventing venous stasis. Coughing (D) helps clear secretions but does not directly prevent thrombus formation.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who will undergo a removal of a lung lobe. Which level of care will the patient require immediately post procedure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Acute care"”intensive care unit. Immediately post-procedure, the patient undergoing a lung lobe removal will require intensive monitoring and care due to the potential for complications such as respiratory distress, bleeding, or infection. The intensive care unit provides the necessary level of care with specialized equipment and staff to manage these risks effectively. Choice A: Acute care"”medical-surgical unit may not provide the level of monitoring and intervention needed for a patient post lung lobe removal. Choice C: Ambulatory surgery is not suitable as this procedure requires more intensive monitoring and care. Choice D: Ambulatory surgery"”extended stay is not appropriate as an extended stay in an ambulatory setting may not have the resources to manage potential complications effectively.
Question 5 of 5
Your adult patient sustained a right index finger amputation at work. On arrival, first responders have the bleeding controlled with sterile dressings, and the patient is conscious, alert, and oriented. What is the best way to manage the patient's amputated finger during transport to the hospital?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: 1. Wrapping the finger in moistened gauze helps maintain tissue hydration and minimizes desiccation. 2. Sealing the finger in a plastic bag prevents contamination and keeps the amputated part secure. 3. Placing the finger on ice helps preserve the amputated part by reducing metabolic activity and delaying tissue death. 4. Moistened gauze with normal saline is preferred over dry gauze to prevent further tissue damage. Summary: A: Incorrect - Not wrapping the finger increases the risk of contamination and desiccation. C: Incorrect - Rinsing the finger can further damage the tissues and is unnecessary. D: Incorrect - Placing the finger close to the patient's core does not provide adequate preservation as ice does.