ATI RN
Genitourinary System Assessment Questions
Question 1 of 5
One of your patients is awaiting laboratory results for kidney function. The patient has recently recovered from a streptococcal throat infection. The patient has most likely developed symptoms of:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Glomerulonephritis. Streptococcal infection can lead to poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN), an immune-mediated inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys. This results in hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension, and edema. Pyelonephritis (choice A) is a bacterial infection of the kidneys, not related to streptococcal infection. Nephrolithiasis (choice B) is the formation of kidney stones, which is not directly linked to streptococcal infection. Chronic renal failure (choice C) is a long-term decline in kidney function, not typically caused by streptococcal infection.
Question 2 of 5
If necessary, your physician can increase your dose up to 40 mg per day.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: The statement indicates the possibility of increasing the dose up to 40 mg, implying that it is within the physician's discretion. Step 2: The use of the word "can" suggests the potential for the physician to make such an adjustment. Step 3: The phrase "if necessary" implies that the dose adjustment will be based on the individual's specific needs. Step 4: Therefore, it is true that the physician has the authority to increase the dose up to 40 mg per day based on the patient's condition and requirements.
Question 3 of 5
The right atrium myocytes secrete atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) when there is increased plasma volume. What actions does ANP take to produce a large volume of dilute urine?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Inhibits renin. ANP inhibits renin release, which leads to decreased aldosterone secretion. This results in decreased reabsorption of sodium and water in the kidneys, promoting excretion of sodium and water, ultimately producing a large volume of dilute urine. Summary: B: Increases ADH - ANP actually opposes the action of ADH, which promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys. C: Inhibits angiotensin II action - ANP does inhibit the action of angiotensin II, but this does not directly lead to the production of dilute urine. D: Decreases sodium excretion - ANP actually increases sodium excretion by inhibiting renin and aldosterone, leading to decreased reabsorption of sodium.
Question 4 of 5
The mother of an 8-year-old girl has brought her child to the clinic because she is wetting the bed at night. What terminology should the nurse use when documenting this situation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct terminology for bedwetting in an 8-year-old is enuresis. Enuresis specifically refers to the involuntary discharge of urine during sleep at an age where bladder control is expected. This term is appropriate for the child's situation as it accurately describes the bedwetting issue. Ascites (A) refers to abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen, not related to bedwetting. Dysuria (B) is painful urination, which is not the issue described. Urgency (D) refers to a sudden compelling need to urinate, which is also not relevant to this scenario. Using the correct term, enuresis, will ensure accurate documentation and communication regarding the child's bedwetting issue.
Question 5 of 5
Which test is required for a diagnosis of pyelonephritis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Urine for culture and sensitivity. This test is required for a diagnosis of pyelonephritis as it helps identify the specific bacteria causing the infection and determines the most effective antibiotic treatment. Renal biopsy (A) is not typically required for diagnosing pyelonephritis. Blood culture (B) may be helpful in severe cases but is not specific for pyelonephritis. Intravenous pyelogram (IVP) (C) is a radiological test used to visualize the urinary tract but does not confirm the diagnosis of pyelonephritis.