One of the two hormones made by the pituitary that help regulate reproductive cells is luteinizing hormone. The other hormone is

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The pituitary's anterior lobe produces luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) to regulate gametogenesis FSH stimulates sperm/egg development, LH triggers sex hormone release. Androgens are gonadal, epinephrine/norepinephrine are adrenal not pituitary-made. FSH's paired role with LH distinguishes it, vital for reproduction, contrasting with stress hormones.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The pancreas has exocrine (digestive enzymes via ducts) and endocrine (insulin, glucagon into blood) roles. Anterior pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal medulla are solely endocrine. This dual function distinguishes the pancreas, vital for digestion and glucose control, contrasting with pure endocrine glands.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Adrenaline (epinephrine) is secreted by the adrenal glands' medulla, atop the kidneys, triggering the fight-or-flight response by elevating heart rate and glucose availability. The thyroid produces thyroxine for metabolism, the pineal melatonin for sleep neither secrete adrenaline. 'More than one' is invalid as adrenaline is adrenal-specific. This gland's role in acute stress responses distinguishes it, key to survival mechanisms, contrasting with metabolic or circadian regulators.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Adrenaline, from the adrenal medulla, prepares the body for emergencies by accelerating heart rate, dilating airways, and mobilizing glucose 'fight or flight.' Pineal (melatonin) aids sleep, pituitary (GH, ACTH) regulates long-term, pancreas (insulin) manages sugar not rapid action. Adrenal's acute stress response distinguishes it, vital for survival, contrasting with metabolic or sleep hormones.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Angiotensinogen, synthesized by the liver, is cleaved by kidney-derived renin to angiotensin I, driving blood pressure regulation via angiotensin II. Prorenin is largely inactive, not 50% active. Propranolol (β-blocker) reduces renin by blocking sympathetic stimulation, not increasing it. Angiotensin I is inactive, not a vasodilator angiotensin II vasoconstricts. Liver synthesis distinguishes angiotensinogen's role, essential for RAAS activation, unlike precursor activity, drug effects, or vasodilation errors.