ATI RN
Multiple Choice Questions Endocrine System Questions
Question 1 of 5
One of the two hormones made by the pituitary that help regulate reproductive cells is luteinizing hormone. The other hormone is _______.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Follicle stimulating hormone. The pituitary gland produces luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone to regulate reproductive cells. Luteinizing hormone triggers ovulation and testosterone production, while follicle stimulating hormone stimulates egg development in females and sperm production in males. Choice A (Androgens) are male sex hormones produced by the testes, not by the pituitary gland. Choices C (Epinephrine) and D (Norepinephrine) are hormones produced by the adrenal glands and are not involved in regulating reproductive cells.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following inhibits the secretion of growth hormone by the anterior pituitary?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Somatomedins. Somatomedins, also known as insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), inhibit the secretion of growth hormone by negative feedback on the anterior pituitary. When somatomedins are present in sufficient levels, they signal to the pituitary gland to decrease the secretion of growth hormone. A: Sleep does not directly inhibit the secretion of growth hormone. In fact, growth hormone is predominantly secreted during sleep. B: Stress can stimulate the secretion of growth hormone, rather than inhibit it. C: Puberty is a stage of development where growth hormone secretion is typically increased, not inhibited.
Question 3 of 5
ADH ________.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because alcohol inhibits the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the pituitary gland. ADH helps regulate water balance by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urine output. Alcohol impairs this process, leading to increased urine production and dehydration. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because ADH decreases urine production, prevents dehydration, and is produced in the neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary), not the adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary).
Question 4 of 5
When it becomes necessary to enlist the fight-or-flight response, a hormone that is released during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome is ________.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: epinephrine. During the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome, the body activates the fight-or-flight response to cope with stress. Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is released by the adrenal glands in response to stress or danger. It increases heart rate, boosts energy, and enhances focus, preparing the body to either fight the stressor or flee from it. Estrogen (A) is a sex hormone, not involved in the fight-or-flight response. Angiotensinogen (C) and renin (D) are part of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, regulating blood pressure and fluid balance, not directly related to the fight-or-flight response.
Question 5 of 5
ACTH ________.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B - Secretion of ACTH is regulated by a hypothalamic secretion. Rationale: 1. The hypothalamus secretes corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). 2. CRH stimulates the anterior pituitary to release adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). 3. ACTH then stimulates the adrenal cortex to release cortisol. 4. This feedback loop demonstrates how ACTH secretion is regulated by a hypothalamic secretion. Summary: A - Incorrect. ACTH is secreted by the anterior pituitary, not the posterior pituitary. C - Incorrect. ACTH causes the release of hormones from the adrenal cortex, not the adrenal medulla. D - Incorrect. ACTH is a tropic hormone as it acts on another endocrine gland (adrenal cortex).