One of the most common features of neurological disorders are Language deficits and are collectively known as

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Aphasia is a language disorder resulting from damage to the brain's language centers, typically in the left hemisphere. It affects the ability to produce or comprehend speech, read, or write. Aphasia can manifest in various forms, such as Broca's aphasia (difficulty speaking) or Wernicke's aphasia (difficulty understanding language). These deficits are common in neurological disorders like stroke, traumatic brain injury, or neurodegenerative diseases.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Dendrites are specialized structures that receive nerve impulses from other neurons and conduct them toward the cell body. They are branched extensions that increase the surface area for receiving signals. The electrical signals generated by neurotransmitters binding to receptors on dendrites travel toward the cell body, where they are integrated to determine whether the neuron will fire an action potential. This directional flow is essential for neural communication.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The action potential involves a rapid change in membrane potential, typically ranging from -65mV (resting potential) to +40mV (peak depolarization). This change is driven by the influx of sodium ions and the subsequent efflux of potassium ions. The action potential is a key mechanism for transmitting information within the nervous system, enabling neurons to communicate over long distances.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Dendrites are the part of a neuron responsible for receiving nerve impulses from other neurons or sensory receptors. They are branched structures that extend from the cell body and contain receptors for neurotransmitters. When neurotransmitters bind to these receptors, they generate electrical signals that travel toward the cell body, initiating communication between neurons. Dendrites play a crucial role in integrating incoming signals and determining whether the neuron will fire an action potential.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The cerebellum is the second largest portion of the brain, located below the occipital lobes of the cerebrum. It plays a crucial role in coordinating voluntary movements, balance, and posture. While the cerebrum is the largest part of the brain, the cerebellum is smaller but still significant in size and function. Therefore, the second largest is the correct answer.