ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
One of the following is microcytic hypochromic anemia:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Iron deficiency anemia is the most common cause of microcytic hypochromic anemia, characterized by small, pale red blood cells due to insufficient hemoglobin production.
Question 2 of 5
Mr. Reyes has a possible skull fracture. The nurse should:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a patient is suspected to have a possible skull fracture, the nurse should observe him for signs of brain injury. Signs of brain injury can include changes in level of consciousness, altered pupil size or reaction to light, slurred speech, weakness or numbness in extremities, seizures, severe headache, vomiting, and vision changes. Monitoring for these signs would help in early detection of any worsening condition or complications related to the skull fracture. It is crucial to assess and monitor the patient's neurological status closely to provide timely interventions and prevent further damage.
Question 3 of 5
Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective anti-inflammatory medications for chronic asthma. Early intervention has the following advantages EXCEPT
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: While inhaled corticosteroids control symptoms, they do not alter the natural history of asthma, which is influenced by genetics and environmental exposures.
Question 4 of 5
A patient develops a postoperative deep vein thrombosis and is started on IV heparin. Which of the ff. laboratory tests is monitored during the heparin therapy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During heparin therapy, the laboratory test that is monitored is the partial thromboplastin time (PTT). Heparin acts by potentiating the activity of antithrombin III, leading to the inhibition of both thrombin and factor Xa. The PTT measures the intrinsic pathway of coagulation and is prolonged with heparin due to its anticoagulant effect. Monitoring the PTT helps to ensure that the patient is within the therapeutic range of anticoagulation to prevent clot formation without increasing the risk of bleeding complications. Plasma fibrinogen, prothrombin time (PT), and international normalized ratio (INR) are not routinely monitored during heparin therapy.
Question 5 of 5
After receiving a dose of penicillin, a client develops dyspnea and hypotension. The nurse suspects the client is experiencing anaphylactic shock. What should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a client exhibits symptoms of anaphylactic shock after receiving penicillin, the priority nursing intervention is to administer epinephrine, as prescribed, to counteract the severe allergic reaction. Epinephrine helps to improve breathing and increase blood pressure. Intubation may be necessary in severe cases to maintain airway patency. Therefore, the nurse should administer epinephrine first before considering intubation. It is crucial to act swiftly to prevent further deterioration in the client's condition.