One of the complications of prolonged bed rest is decubitus ulcer. Which of the following can best prevent its occurrence?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Turning the patient frequently every 2 hours helps relieve pressure on specific areas of the body, hence reducing the risk of developing decubitus ulcers. Prolonged pressure on the skin can lead to poor blood circulation and tissue damage, which can eventually progress into decubitus ulcers. By turning the patient regularly, the pressure is redistributed and different areas of the skin are relieved from constant stress. This simple measure is an effective way to prevent the occurrence of decubitus ulcers in patients on prolonged bed rest.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Bacterial meningitis can lead to cerebral edema by causing an inflammatory response within the brain tissue. This inflammation can result in the buildup of fluid, leading to edema. Additionally, the inflammatory response can cause an increase in permeability of the blood-brain barrier, allowing substances that are not normally able to cross the barrier to do so. This can lead to further disruption in the balance of fluid within the brain. Finally, the inflammatory response and the buildup of fluid can also result in raised intracranial pressure, which can further exacerbate the physiological changes occurring in the brain. Therefore, all of the above changes - cerebral edema, increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier, and raised intracranial pressure - can be seen in cases of bacterial meningitis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.