One 'double standard' normally refers to the difference in social attitudes towards

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of the Family Centered Care Theory in nursing, understanding the concept of a 'double standard' is crucial for providing holistic and non-judgmental care to individuals and families. The correct answer is C) Male and female sexual activity. This refers to the societal differences in attitudes and expectations placed on men and women regarding their sexual behaviors. Historically, there have been different standards and consequences for men and women engaging in similar sexual activities, with women often facing more severe judgment and repercussions. Option A) Child and adult sexual activity is incorrect because it does not align with the concept of a 'double standard' related to gender-specific attitudes. Option B) Homosexual and heterosexual activity is also incorrect as it pertains to sexual orientation rather than gender-based societal attitudes. Option D) Working class and middle class sexual activity is incorrect as it does not address gender-specific double standards. Educationally, exploring and understanding social constructs like double standards can help nurses in providing culturally sensitive care. By recognizing these societal norms and biases, nurses can better advocate for patients, provide non-discriminatory care, and promote inclusivity within the healthcare setting. It also underscores the importance of treating all individuals with respect and dignity, regardless of societal expectations or norms.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of family-centered care theory in nursing, considering the population of adults with hearing loss as "underserved" is appropriate for several reasons. Firstly, individuals with hearing loss often face barriers to accessing healthcare services tailored to their specific needs, such as communication difficulties and lack of accommodations. Family-centered care emphasizes the importance of addressing not just the individual patient but also their family and support system, which is crucial in the case of adults with hearing loss who may rely on others for effective communication and understanding of their healthcare needs. Option A is correct because it acknowledges the challenges faced by adults with hearing loss in accessing quality healthcare that meets their unique needs. This population often requires specialized services and accommodations to ensure their care is effective and inclusive. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the reality of the healthcare experiences of adults with hearing loss. Describing them as "One in four" or "Fully served" or "Overserved" oversimplifies the complex issues this population faces in healthcare settings. It is important for healthcare providers, especially nurses, to recognize the unique needs of individuals with hearing loss and strive to provide person-centered care that addresses these needs effectively. Educationally, understanding the concept of underserved populations in healthcare is crucial for nursing students and professionals. It highlights the importance of cultural competence, sensitivity to diverse needs, and the provision of inclusive care to ensure optimal health outcomes for all individuals, including those with hearing loss. By grasping the significance of addressing the needs of underserved populations, nurses can enhance their practice and contribute to more equitable and effective healthcare delivery.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of Family Centered Care Theory in nursing, the philosophy that emphasizes an individual's mental growth is Humanism. Humanism focuses on the unique qualities and potential of each individual, stressing personal development, self-fulfillment, and self-actualization. This approach aligns closely with the principles of family-centered care, which prioritize the holistic well-being of the patient and their family. Behaviorism, on the other hand, is a theory that focuses on observable behaviors and external stimuli, often through reinforcement or punishment. While behaviorism has its place in healthcare for promoting certain health behaviors, it does not specifically target mental growth or individual potential like humanism does. Cognitivism emphasizes the role of mental processes in learning, such as memory, problem-solving, and understanding. While cognitivism is important in understanding how individuals process information, it does not place as much emphasis on personal growth and self-actualization as humanism does. Constructivism focuses on the idea that individuals construct their own understanding and knowledge of the world through experiences and reflection. While this theory is valuable in promoting active learning and critical thinking, it does not specifically prioritize mental growth in the same way that humanism does. Educationally, understanding the principles of Humanism in the context of Family Centered Care Theory is crucial for nurses to provide holistic and patient-centered care. By recognizing and valuing each individual's unique qualities and potential for growth, nurses can better support patients and their families in achieving optimal health outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of Piaget's stages of cognitive development, the correct answer is option A) Sensorimotor. This stage occurs from birth to around 2 years old. During this period, children develop the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight, known as object permanence. This understanding is a crucial milestone in cognitive development as it lays the foundation for more complex problem-solving skills. Option B) Preoperational, on the other hand, occurs from ages 2 to 7 years old. Children in this stage are still developing their understanding of the world, and while they may exhibit symbolic thinking, they have not fully grasped the concept of object permanence. Options C) Concrete operational and D) Formal operational stages occur at older ages and involve more advanced cognitive abilities such as logical reasoning and abstract thinking. These stages are beyond the point where object permanence is a primary developmental task. In an educational context, understanding Piaget's stages of cognitive development is essential for educators working with children. By knowing the characteristics of each stage, educators can provide developmentally appropriate activities and support to help children progress through each stage successfully. Understanding object permanence, as in this question, is crucial for creating engaging and effective learning experiences for young children.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of Family Centered Care Theory in nursing, understanding child development theories is crucial for providing effective care. The correct answer to the question, "The child's inability to see from another's perspective is D) Egocentrism," is grounded in Piaget's theory of cognitive development. Egocentrism refers to a child's difficulty in understanding that others may have different thoughts, feelings, or perspectives than their own. This lack of awareness can impact communication, empathy, and social interactions. Option A) Object permanence is the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight. This concept is typically acquired in infancy and is not related to understanding others' perspectives. Option B) Conservation and option C) Reversibility are concepts related to concrete operational thinking in Piaget's theory, which occurs later in childhood and involves understanding principles like mass, volume, and number. These concepts do not directly address the inability to see from another's perspective. In an educational setting, understanding developmental theories like Piaget's stages of cognitive development is essential for nurses working with pediatric populations. Recognizing egocentrism in children can help nurses tailor their communication and approach to better meet the child's needs. By grasping these foundational concepts, nurses can provide more empathetic and effective family-centered care.