One day care child had a slight fever and did not eat lunch but finished the school day. Three days later several other students in the same home care room were absent. Which best describes what happened?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. The child with a slight fever likely had an infectious disease that was contagious before showing symptoms. This scenario aligns with the concept of asymptomatic transmission, where the child spread the disease to others without showing obvious signs initially. Choice B is incorrect because the child did exhibit symptoms. Choice C is unlikely as one child alone usually does not cause multiple absences.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Passive Immunity. When hospital staff members are given immunoglobulin during an outbreak, they are receiving pre-formed antibodies from an external source, providing immediate protection. This is a form of passive immunity, where immunity is transferred without the individual's immune system needing to produce antibodies. Acquired Immunity (C) refers to immunity developed by the body after exposure to an antigen, which is not the case here as the staff is receiving pre-formed antibodies. Passive Acquired Immunity (D) is not a recognized term in immunology, and Choice A is simply a restatement of the question without providing a specific answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because it demonstrates an understanding of vaccine safety by acknowledging the low probability of severe reactions. This statement shows the caregiver has knowledge of the rarity of adverse events following vaccination, indicating a balanced perspective on the risks and benefits. A: Incorrect. This choice reflects a decision not to vaccinate without mentioning safety awareness. B: Incorrect. This choice indicates a general disagreement with vaccines but doesn't address safety understanding. D: Incorrect. This choice lacks any information related to vaccine safety or understanding of risks.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Florence Nightingale, a pioneer in nursing, emphasized the importance of improving food, clothing, and cleanliness to promote healing in wounded soldiers. This intervention focuses on creating a hygienic environment to prevent infections, providing nutritious food to aid recovery, and ensuring patients are well-clothed for comfort. Blood transfusions and IV drips were not common practices during Nightingale's time. Early discharge from the hospital would not align with her emphasis on proper care and recovery. Thus, choice A is the most appropriate intervention based on Nightingale's principles.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Smoking cessation. Smoking cessation would lead to a longer life span due to the numerous harmful effects of smoking on health, such as increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, respiratory problems, and cancer. Quitting smoking reduces these risks and improves overall health, thus increasing life expectancy. Choice B, limiting physical activity, would have a negative impact on health as regular physical activity is essential for maintaining a healthy lifestyle and preventing chronic diseases. Choice C, eating only one vegetable a day, would not support optimal health as a varied and balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables is important for overall well-being and longevity. In summary, smoking cessation is the most effective public health change to increase life span compared to limiting physical activity or restricting vegetable intake.