One bed is available on the eating disorders unit. Which patient should be admitted? The patient whose assessment findings show the weight dropped from:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the patient has experienced a significant weight drop from 150 to 102 pounds over a 4-month period. This represents a loss of 48 pounds over a relatively longer period, indicating a more severe and prolonged issue with weight loss. The other choices show weight drops of 30 pounds over 3 months (B) and 30 pounds over 2 months (C), which are also concerning but not as severe or long-lasting as the situation described in choice A. Choice D is incorrect as at least one patient should be admitted based on the information provided.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The first intervention a nurse should take when assessing a patient with suspected anorexia nervosa is to measure vital signs to assess the extent of malnutrition. This is crucial to determine the patient's current physiological status and to identify any immediate risks such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, or cardiac complications. By measuring vital signs, the nurse can quickly assess the severity of malnutrition and determine the urgency of intervention. Refeeding (choice A) should not be initiated abruptly due to the risk of refeeding syndrome. Starting a counseling session (choice C) may be important but is not the initial priority. Involving the family (choice D) can be beneficial but is not the first step in assessing and managing a patient with anorexia nervosa.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Offering the patient water or an electrolyte replacement solution. This intervention is appropriate because patients with bulimia nervosa are at risk for electrolyte imbalances due to purging behaviors. Providing water or electrolyte replacement solution helps to replenish lost electrolytes and maintain proper balance. Option B is incorrect as excessive physical activity can further deplete electrolytes. Option C is inappropriate as administering a diuretic can worsen electrolyte imbalances. Option D is also incorrect as withholding food can exacerbate the patient's condition and increase the risk of electrolyte imbalances.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Avoidant personality disorder. This is because the woman's fear of criticism, reluctance to share thoughts and feelings, and limited social interactions are characteristic of avoidant personality disorder. Individuals with this disorder have intense feelings of inadequacy, fear of rejection, and avoid situations where they may be criticized or judged. Choice A: Borderline personality disorder is not the correct answer because individuals with borderline personality disorder typically have unstable relationships, impulsivity, and a fear of abandonment. Choice B: Histrionic personality disorder is not the correct answer as individuals with this disorder seek attention and exhibit dramatic and attention-seeking behavior, which is not indicated in the scenario. Choice D: Schizoid personality disorder is not the correct answer as individuals with this disorder tend to have a limited range of emotional expression and lack interest in forming social relationships, which does not align with the woman's fear of criticism and desire to avoid negative reactions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step 1: Freud's phallic stage is when the superego develops. Step 2: Antisocial personality disorder is associated with a poorly developed superego. Step 3: Individuals with antisocial personality disorder often lack empathy and have a disregard for rules. Step 4: This behavior aligns with Freud's concept of a weak superego. Step 5: Therefore, the correct answer is D, Antisocial personality disorder. Summary: A: Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is characterized by perfectionism, not related to a weak superego. B: Schizoid personality is marked by social detachment, not directly linked to superego development. C: Borderline personality disorder involves instability in relationships and self-image, not specifically tied to superego development.