ATI RN
Multidimensional Basis of Health Protective Behaviors Questions
Question 1 of 5
On the third day after a partial thyroidectomy, Proserfina exhibits muscle twitching and hyperirritability of the nervous system. When questioned, the client reports numbness and tingling of the mouth and fingertips. Suspecting a lifethreatening electrolyte disturbance, the nurse notifies the surgeon immediately. Which electrolyte disturbance most commonly follows thyroid surgery?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: After thyroid surgery, there is a risk of damaging the parathyroid glands, leading to hypoparathyroidism. Step 2: Hypoparathyroidism causes decreased secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). Step 3: Decreased PTH leads to decreased calcium reabsorption in the kidneys and increased phosphate levels. Step 4: Low calcium levels cause muscle twitching, hyperirritability, and numbness/tingling. Step 5: Therefore, the electrolyte disturbance most commonly following thyroid surgery is hypocalcemia, making choice A correct. Summary of Incorrect Choices: B: Hyponatremia is not typically associated with thyroid surgery. C: Hyperkalemia is not a common electrolyte disturbance following thyroid surgery. D: Hypermagnesemia is not commonly seen post-thyroid surgery and would not present with the described symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
Nurse Tina prepares a client for peritoneal dialysis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct first action is to warm the dialysate solution. This is crucial to prevent hypothermia and abdominal discomfort during the procedure. Warming the solution helps maintain the client's body temperature. Assessing for a bruit and a thrill (choice A) is important but not the first step. Positioning the client on the left side (choice C) is needed during the procedure but not the initial step. Inserting a Foley catheter (choice D) is not necessary for peritoneal dialysis.
Question 3 of 5
Ricardo, was diagnosed with type I diabetes. The nurse is aware that acute hypoglycemia also can develop in the client who is diagnosed with:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Type 2 diabetes. Acute hypoglycemia can occur in individuals with type 1 diabetes due to excess insulin or inadequate food intake. Type 2 diabetes, if treated with certain medications like insulin or sulfonylureas, can also lead to hypoglycemia. Liver disease (A) can cause hypoglycemia indirectly but is not directly related. Hypertension (B) and hyperthyroidism (D) do not typically cause hypoglycemia. In summary, type 2 diabetes is the correct answer as it can lead to acute hypoglycemia due to treatment with insulin or sulfonylureas, while the other choices are not directly associated with this condition.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is ware that the most relevant knowledge about oxygen administration to a male client with COPD is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because in COPD patients, administering low flow oxygen at 1-2L/min helps maintain the hypoxic drive for breathing without causing oxygen toxicity. This is crucial as these patients rely on hypoxia to stimulate their respiratory drive due to chronically elevated CO2 levels. Choice B is incorrect because hypercapnia, not hypoxia, stimulates the central chemoreceptors. Choice C is incorrect as a nasal cannula is more appropriate for oxygen administration in COPD patients due to the risk of CO2 retention with a non-rebreathing mask. Choice D is incorrect as pulse oximetry is used to monitor oxygen saturation, not blood gases.
Question 5 of 5
Ricardo is scheduled for a prostatectomy, and the anesthesiologist plans to use a spinal (subarachnoid) block during surgery. In the operating room, the nurse positions the client according to the anesthesiologist's instructions. Why does the client require special positioning for this type of anesthesia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: To prevent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. During a spinal block, the needle is inserted into the subarachnoid space where the cerebrospinal fluid is located. Proper positioning ensures that the needle puncture site is correctly aligned, minimizing the risk of CSF leakage. Preventing CSF leakage is crucial to maintain the effectiveness of the anesthesia and prevent complications such as post-dural puncture headache. Incorrect choices: A: To prevent confusion - Positioning is not related to preventing confusion during anesthesia. B: To prevent seizures - Seizures are not a common concern with spinal blocks and are not prevented by specific positioning. D: To prevent cardiac arrhythmias - Positioning in this case is not directly related to preventing cardiac arrhythmias during a prostatectomy with a spinal block.