On the first postpartum day, a primiparous patient complains of perineal pain that was unrelieved by Ibuprofen 400 mg given two hours ago. Nurse Kayla should assess for which of the following?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In a primiparous patient who complains of unrelieved perineal pain on the first postpartum day, Nurse Kayla should assess for a perineal hematoma. A perineal hematoma is a collection of blood in the perineal tissues and can cause significant pain and discomfort. It can be a result of trauma during delivery or due to a blood vessel rupture. This condition requires prompt assessment and intervention to prevent complications such as infection or excessive bleeding. Vaginal laceration would typically be identified during the delivery process and would have been repaired by the healthcare provider. History of drug abuse, while important to know for overall patient care, is not as relevant in this immediate postpartum pain assessment. Puerperal infection usually presents with other signs such as fever, foul-smelling discharge, and uterine tenderness, which are not mentioned in this scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Continuing Professional Development such as post-graduate study is the best strategy among the options provided for addressing short staffing in the hospital. By encouraging nurses to pursue post-graduate studies, Chief Nurse Cirila is investing in the long-term growth and development of her nursing workforce. Post-graduate studies can enhance the knowledge, skills, and expertise of nurses, making them more competent in their roles. This can lead to improved patient care outcomes, increased job satisfaction among nurses, and ultimately help in retaining and attracting talent in the hospital. Additionally, supporting nurses in their professional development can boost morale and motivation, which are crucial factors in addressing short staffing issues.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The term "collaborative" best fits the situation where a member of the Research Committee wishes to conduct a study involving an interdisciplinary team of colleagues. Collaboration refers to individuals, in this case, researchers or professionals from different disciplines coming together, sharing their expertise, and working collectively towards a common goal or project. In an interdisciplinary study, involving a collaborative approach enhances the diversity of perspectives, skills, and knowledge brought to the research, leading to more comprehensive and well-rounded outcomes. This type of study fosters cooperation, communication, and synergy among team members, thereby promoting innovation and understanding across different areas of expertise.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) II and III: 0.9% sodium chloride and Lactated Ringer's solution. These isotonic electrolyte solutions are commonly used in hypovolemic shock because they help restore circulating blood volume and electrolyte balance. 0.9% sodium chloride is isotonic and closely resembles the electrolyte composition of extracellular fluid, making it an effective choice for volume resuscitation. Lactated Ringer's solution contains electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride, and lactate) that closely mimic those found in plasma, making it beneficial for fluid replacement in shock states. Incorrect options: - I) Dextrose 5% in water is hypotonic and primarily used for hydration or to provide calories, not for volume resuscitation in shock. - IV) Dextrose 10% in water is hypertonic and primarily used for providing calories or as a concentrated energy source, not for volume resuscitation in shock. Educational context: Understanding the appropriate use of isotonic solutions in different clinical scenarios, like hypovolemic shock, is critical for nurses to provide effective patient care. Mastery of pharmacology concepts, like fluid and electrolyte balance, is essential for safe medication administration and patient outcomes in adult health nursing practice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answers are statements I and IV: "It blocks the urethra" and "It leads to urinary retention." These explanations are accurate in describing Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). BPH causes the prostate gland to enlarge, leading to compression of the urethra, which can obstruct urine flow and cause urinary retention. Statement II, "It obstructs the bladder," is incorrect because BPH primarily affects the prostate and urethra, not the bladder itself. Statement III, "It spreads to other parts of the body," is also incorrect as BPH is a localized condition and does not typically metastasize to other areas. In an educational context, understanding the pathophysiology of BPH is crucial for nurses to provide effective care to patients. By recognizing the impact of BPH on urinary function, nurses can implement appropriate interventions to manage symptoms and improve quality of life for individuals with this condition. It is essential for nurses to be able to educate patients like Elmo about their condition in a clear and accurate manner to promote understanding and adherence to treatment plans.