On inspection of the internal structure of the vagina, the nurse notes a rounded protrusion on the posterior wall of the vagina. How does the nurse document this finding?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Rectocele. A rectocele is a herniation of the anterior rectal wall into the posterior vaginal wall. The rounded protrusion on the posterior wall of the vagina indicates a rectocele. This finding is documented as a rectocele due to the specific anatomical location and nature of the protrusion. Summary of other choices: B: Cystocele - A cystocele is a herniation of the bladder into the anterior vaginal wall, not the posterior wall. C: Bartholin cyst - Bartholin cyst is a fluid-filled swelling in the Bartholin gland near the vaginal opening, not on the posterior wall. D: Nabothian cyst - Nabothian cysts occur on the cervix and are not related to protrusions on the posterior wall of the vagina.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice C is correct: 1. Internal hemorrhoids are located higher in the rectum, typically above the dentate line. 2. They are not usually palpable unless they are prolapsed or thrombosed. 3. This differentiates them from external hemorrhoids, which are located below the dentate line and are often palpable. 4. Choice C accurately describes the typical characteristics of internal hemorrhoids. 5. Choices A, B, and D provide inaccurate information regarding the location, appearance, and characteristics of internal hemorrhoids, making them incorrect.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a contraindication for oral contraceptives due to increased risk of cardiovascular events. Step 2: BP of 150/86 mm Hg falls in the hypertensive range. Step 3: Reporting high BP to the healthcare provider is crucial for assessing the patient's cardiovascular risk. Step 4: Other choices are not immediate contraindications for oral contraceptives: A - Smoking cessation is a positive factor, C - Rubella vaccination can be addressed separately, D - Iron-deficiency anemia can be managed alongside oral contraceptives.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 46 chromatids. At the beginning of mitosis, each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids. Since the cell has 92 chromosomes, the total number of chromatids will be 92 chromosomes x 2 chromatids per chromosome = 184 chromatids. However, this number represents the total number of chromatids, not the number at the beginning of mitosis. At the beginning of mitosis, the sister chromatids are still attached, so we need to divide the total number of chromatids by 2 to get the number at the beginning of mitosis, which is 184 chromatids / 2 = 92 chromatids. Therefore, the correct answer is 46 chromatids, as each chromosome consists of two chromatids at the beginning of mitosis. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not consider the concept of sister chromatids in chromosomes during mitosis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Ovoviviparity is a reproductive strategy where fertilized eggs develop within the female's body but are not nourished by the mother. Choice C is correct because birds lay fertilized eggs within a nest where they hatch, indicating the eggs were developed internally. Choice A is incorrect as honeybees do not exhibit ovoviviparity. Choice B is incorrect as sharks exhibit viviparity, where embryos develop inside the mother but are nourished directly. Choice D is incorrect as it describes placental nourishment in mammals, which is not characteristic of ovoviviparity.