Of the following, the WORST prognostic factor in p

Question 1 of 5

Of the following, the WORST prognostic factor in pediatric osteosarcoma is

A. primary pelvic bone tumor B. poor histologic response to treatment C. bony metastases at the time of diagnosis D. lung metastases at the time of diagnosis

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Poor histologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a strong predictor of poor prognosis.

Question 2 of 5

The nurse is preparing an intravenous infusion of phenytoin (Dilantin) as prescribed by the physician for the client with seizures. Which of the following solutions will the nurse plan to use to dilute this medication?

A. Dextrose 5% B. Lactated Ringer's solution C. Normal saline solution D. Dextrose 5% and half-normal saline (0.45%)

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Phenytoin (Dilantin) is known to be incompatible with dextrose solutions (such as dextrose 5% or dextrose 5% and half-normal saline). Therefore, the nurse would plan to use normal saline solution to dilute phenytoin in order to ensure medication effectiveness and prevent any potential adverse reactions. Lactated Ringer's solution is not commonly used for diluting phenytoin as normal saline solution is the preferred choice due to compatibility considerations.

Question 3 of 5

When a patient participates in a research study, the pediatric nurse's primary concern is to ensure that the:

A. parent or guardian has given verbal consent for the patient's participation. B. quality of care that the patient receives will not be affected if the patient chooses to withdraw from the study. C. research meets the developmental needs of the patient. D. research will directly benefit the patient.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Ensuring that the quality of care remains unaffected regardless of the patient's participation status is paramount to ethical research practices.

Question 4 of 5

Which of the ff actions should the nurse perform to monitor for electrolyte imbalances and dehydration in a client with a neurologic deficit?

A. Measure intake and output B. Perform the mini-mental status C. Use the Glasgow Coma scale examination D. Assess vital signs

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Monitoring intake and output is essential in assessing for electrolyte imbalances and dehydration in a client with a neurologic deficit. Unlike options B, C, and D, measuring intake and output provides direct information on the client's fluid balance and kidney function. Electrolyte imbalances can lead to neurological complications and alterations in mental status, making it crucial to keep track of the amounts of fluids ingested and excreted by the client. Additionally, dehydration can exacerbate neurological deficits, so monitoring intake and output can help prevent this complication.

Question 5 of 5

A nurse is planning a class on accident prevention for parents of toddlers. Which safety topic is the priority for this class?

A. Appropriate use of car seat restraints B. Safety crossing the street C. Helmet use when riding a bicycle D. Poison control numbers

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The safety topic that is the priority for the nurse's accident prevention class for parents of toddlers is the appropriate use of car seat restraints. Car accidents are one of the leading causes of injuries and deaths among children, and proper car seat usage is crucial in protecting toddlers during car rides. Following the guidelines for car seat installation and usage can significantly reduce the risk of injury or death in the event of a car accident. Therefore, ensuring that parents understand and implement proper car seat restraint practices is essential in promoting the safety of toddlers. While the other safety topics are also important, the risk of injury or death in car accidents is higher compared to other accidents for toddlers, making car seat safety a priority.