ATI RN
Pediatric Infectious Diseases Questions
Question 1 of 5
Of the following, the MOST common etiological pathogen of osteomyelitis in children with sickle cell disease is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Salmonella (B) is the top cause of osteomyelitis in sickle cell disease, per hematology data.
Question 2 of 5
A 2-year- old girl presented with abdominal mass, periorbital ecchymoses and ataxia. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Neuroblastoma fits with abdominal mass, periorbital ecchymoses (raccoon eyes), and ataxia (possible opsoclonus-myoclonus).
Question 3 of 5
A 5-year- old girl diagnosed recently with lymphoma, presented to the emergency room with distended neck veins, plethora, and swollen head and neck. Of the following, the MOST likely cause is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Superior vena cava syndrome, caused by mediastinal lymphoma, leads to neck vein distension and facial swelling.
Question 4 of 5
Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy means
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy is given before surgery to shrink the tumor while it remains in place.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following genotypes can predispose a child to the development of acute leukemia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bloom syndrome, a DNA repair disorder, increases the risk of leukemia due to genomic instability.