Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Warming up ofloxacin eardrops before administering is done to prevent dizziness, which can occur if a cold solution is placed in the ear. Holding the bottle with hands for about 1 to 2 minutes is usually sufficient to warm up the solution to a comfortable temperature for the patient. Warming the solution for too long, such as 5-6 minutes, may not be necessary and could potentially waste time. So, the correct duration for warming up ofloxacin eardrops is 1 to 2 minutes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The most likely diagnosis in this scenario is epididymitis. Epididymitis is an inflammation of the epididymis, a coiled tube at the back of the testicle that stores and carries sperm. Common symptoms include scrotal pain, swelling, erythema (redness), and a tender, fluctuant mass in the scrotum due to an abscess. Risk factors for epididymitis include urinary tract infections, sexually transmitted infections (such as gonorrhea or chlamydia), and recent urological procedures. It is important to differentiate epididymitis from testicular torsion, which would present with sudden, severe testicular pain, absent cremasteric reflex, and a high-riding testicle. Testicular cancer typically presents as a painless mass or swelling in the scrotum, and hydrocele presents as painless scrotal swelling due to a collection of fluid

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The patient's presentation with grouped vesicles on an erythematous base affecting the lips and perioral region, triggered by sunlight exposure and stress, is classic for herpes simplex labialis, commonly known as cold sores. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is responsible for cold sores and is highly contagious. Recurrent episodes can be triggered by factors like UV exposure, stress, illness, and hormonal changes. Symptoms typically start with tingling or burning sensations before progressing to grouped vesicles that rupture, forming crusts. Treatment may involve antiviral medications to reduce the severity and duration of symptoms. Perioral dermatitis typically presents with papules and pustules around the mouth, while angular cheilitis involves fissures and inflammation at the corners of the mouth. Allergic contact dermatitis would present with erythema, pruritus, and possibly vesicles in

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: IgA is the primary immunoglobulin class involved in providing passive immunity to newborn infants through breast milk. IgA antibodies are highly concentrated in colostrum and breast milk, offering important protection to newborns against infections. IgG antibodies can also be passed from the mother to the fetus through the placenta, providing passive immunity during pregnancy, but IgA is the main immunoglobulin class transferred through breast milk for protecting the infant's gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. IgE is mainly involved in allergies and hypersensitivity reactions, while IgM is an early responder in the immune response to infections.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A cohort study design would be appropriate in this scenario. Cohort studies follow a group of individuals over a period of time to assess how their current health status, personal characteristics, and potential risk factors may contribute to the development of certain outcomes or diseases. By collecting data at different time points on the same group of individuals, cohort studies allow researchers to establish associations between exposures and outcomes, providing valuable information on causality. In this case, using a cohort study design would allow for a comprehensive examination of how various factors impact health outcomes over time.