Nurse Rona and her team has been utilizing the EEPIDEMIOLOGIC TRIAD model - identifying causative factors of diseases. Which of the following is not relevant this, model?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The Epidemiologic Triad model focuses on identifying the causative factors of diseases, particularly infectious diseases. The three components of the triad are the external agent, the susceptible host, and the environment. These factors interact to result in the occurrence of disease. Treatment Regimen, on the other hand, is not one of the causative factors but rather a response to manage and treat the disease once it has occurred. While treatment is essential, it is not part of the factors that contribute to the initial development of the disease within the Epidemiologic Triad model.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The night nurse is expected to collect the patient charts from various departments every three nights. Among the tasks listed, binding the charts as they are is not typically a responsibility of the night nurse. This task is usually handled by administrative staff or professional medical records technicians who are trained to manage the organization and storage of patient charts. The night nurse's primary focus should be on ensuring the correct order of the charts, checking for completeness, and addressing any issues such as torn pages by taping or repairing them to maintain the integrity of the patient records.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The Epidemiologic Triad model focuses on identifying the causative factors of diseases, particularly infectious diseases. The three components of the triad are the external agent, the susceptible host, and the environment. These factors interact to result in the occurrence of disease. Treatment Regimen, on the other hand, is not one of the causative factors but rather a response to manage and treat the disease once it has occurred. While treatment is essential, it is not part of the factors that contribute to the initial development of the disease within the Epidemiologic Triad model.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the scenario described, with the patient having an acute exacerbation of chronic kidney disease (CKD) leading to hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis, the priority intervention to manage the metabolic derangements is to perform emergent hemodialysis for potassium removal. Hemodialysis is the most effective and rapid method to lower dangerously high potassium levels in the blood. It is crucial in cases of severe hyperkalemia where other measures such as medications or dietary modifications may not be sufficient or fast enough to correct the elevated potassium levels. Additionally, hemodialysis can also help in improving metabolic acidosis by removing waste products and excess electrolytes from the blood. Overall, emergent hemodialysis is the most appropriate intervention for managing the acute metabolic abnormalities in this critically ill patient.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The best example of how the nurse can create a climate in which clients do not feel threatened is by teaching on good nutrition while providing a meal. This approach not only addresses an important topic that is beneficial for the clients but also creates a comfortable and welcoming atmosphere. By offering a meal, the nurse is able to engage the clients in a familiar and non-threatening activity, making them more receptive to the information being shared. Additionally, sharing a meal can help to build rapport and create a sense of community among the clients and the nurse, leading to a more positive learning experience.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: When a patient is prescribed with an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor for managing hypertension, the nurse should monitor closely for signs of hyperkalemia. ACE inhibitors can affect the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, leading to decreased aldosterone secretion and impaired potassium excretion by the kidneys. As a result, potassium levels in the blood may increase, leading to hyperkalemia.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The presentation described, involving multiple grouped vesicles on an erythematous base in the genital area, is classic for herpes simplex genitalis. This condition is caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) and is characterized by recurrent outbreaks of painful vesicles in the genital or perianal area. The history of similar lesions occurring during periods of stress is also suggestive of herpes simplex virus reactivation. Genital warts (condyloma acuminata) typically present as painless, fleshy growths in the genital area caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). Syphilis manifests as a painless ulcer known as a chancre, which is not described in the presentation. Molluscum contagiosum presents with pearly, dome-shaped papules with central umbilication, rather than vesicles.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: It is important for the nurse to have a direct and easily accessible means of communication with the patient who is expected to be in and out of the hospital due to their chronic illness like leukemia. By asking for the patient's phone number, the nurse can quickly reach out to them for updates, clarification, or any urgent matters that may arise. This direct communication line helps in ensuring continuity of care and addressing the patient's needs promptly. This approach is more practical and efficient compared to options such as asking the patient to call the hospital number listed in the yellow pages or relying on chart information which may not always be up to date. Writing down the number and giving it to the ward clerk may cause unnecessary delays in communication.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The extraneous variable in a study is a variable that is not the main focus of the study but could potentially impact the results. In this case, the length of stay is an extraneous variable because it is not directly related to the research question or objective of the study. The study is likely focused on factors such as patient age, complications, or date of admission, making the length of stay an irrelevant variable in this context.