ATI RN
Public Health Theories of Behavior Change Questions
Question 1 of 5
Nurse Ron is caring for a male client taking an anticoagulant. The nurse should teach the client to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Avoid foods high in vitamin K. Anticoagulants work by preventing blood clotting, and vitamin K is essential for blood clotting. Consuming foods high in vitamin K can interfere with the effectiveness of the anticoagulant medication, leading to potential bleeding risks. Therefore, the nurse should educate the client to avoid such foods to maintain the therapeutic levels of the anticoagulant. Incorrect choices: A: Reporting incidents of diarrhea is important but not directly related to anticoagulant therapy. C: Using a straight razor when shaving can increase the risk of cuts and bleeding, which is contraindicated for a client on anticoagulants. D: Taking aspirin for pain relief is not recommended for a client on anticoagulants due to the increased risk of bleeding.
Question 2 of 5
A 77-year-old male client is admitted with a diagnosis of dehydration and change in mental status. He's being hydrated with L.V. fluids. When the nurse takes his vital signs, she notes he has a fever of 103°F (39.4°C) a cough producing yellow sputum and pleuritic chest pain. The nurse suspects this client may have which of the following conditions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pneumonia. Given the client's symptoms of fever, cough with yellow sputum, pleuritic chest pain, and dehydration, pneumonia is the most likely diagnosis. Fever, productive cough, and chest pain are common symptoms of pneumonia. The presence of pleuritic chest pain indicates an inflammation of the pleura, which is a common feature of pneumonia. Dehydration can also contribute to the development of pneumonia. ARDS (choice A) typically presents with acute respiratory distress and is not supported by the client's symptoms. MI (choice B) presents with chest pain but typically not associated with fever, cough, or sputum production. Tuberculosis (choice D) can present with cough and sputum production but is less likely given the client's age and acute presentation.
Question 3 of 5
Robert, a 57-year-old client with acute arterial occlusion of the left leg undergoes an emergency embolectomy. Six hours later, the nurse isn't able to obtain pulses in his left foot using Doppler ultrasound. The nurse immediately notifies the physician, and asks her to prepare the client for surgery. As the nurse enters the client's room to prepare him, he states that he won't have any more surgery. Which of the following is the best initial response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct initial response by the nurse in this scenario is A: Explain the risks of not having the surgery. This is the best initial response because the nurse needs to ensure the client fully understands the consequences of refusing the surgery. By explaining the risks, the nurse can provide the client with necessary information to make an informed decision about their healthcare. Notifying the physician immediately (choice B) is important, but the immediate concern is addressing the client's refusal. Notifying the nursing supervisor (choice C) is not as crucial as addressing the client directly. Recording the client's refusal in the nurses' notes (choice D) should be done after addressing the client's concerns and providing necessary information.
Question 4 of 5
Vic asks the nurse what PSA is. The nurse should reply that it stands for:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: prostate-specific antigen, which is used to screen for prostate cancer. PSA is a protein produced by the prostate gland. It is primarily used as a screening test for prostate cancer. Elevated levels of PSA can indicate prostate cancer, although further testing is needed to confirm the diagnosis. Choice B is incorrect because there is no such thing as "protein serum antigen." Choice C is incorrect because pneumococcal strep antigen is not related to PSA or prostate cancer. Choice D is incorrect because Papanicolaou-specific antigen is not a valid term and is not used for screening cervical cancer.
Question 5 of 5
A heparin infusion at 1,500 unit/hour is ordered for a 64-year-old client with stroke in evolution. The infusion contains 25,000 units of heparin in 500 ml of saline solution. How many milliliters per hour should be given?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To determine the ml/hr rate, divide the total units in the bag by the ordered rate in units/hour. 25,000 units ÷ 1,500 units/hour = 16.67 ml/hour. This rounds to 17 ml/hour, which is closest to choice B (30 ml/hour). Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they are not the closest to the calculated rate of 17 ml/hour.