ATI RN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
Nurse Raymond is giving instructions to an elderly client on diabetic foot care. Which teaching is not part of foot care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because washing feet in hot water can lead to burns or skin damage for those with diabetes. A: Proper footwear is essential for preventing foot injuries. B: Trimming toenails straight across helps prevent ingrown nails. D: Wearing shoes on hot surfaces prevents burns or blisters. Overall, C is incorrect due to the potential harm it can cause to diabetic feet.
Question 2 of 9
A client with Addison’s disease comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit. When assessing this client, the nurse should stay alert for signs and symptoms of:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. In Addison's disease, the adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol and aldosterone. This leads to sodium and potassium imbalances. Low aldosterone causes sodium loss and potassium retention, resulting in sodium and potassium abnormalities. The other choices, A, B, and C, do not directly relate to Addison's disease. Calcium and phosphorus abnormalities are not typically associated with Addison's disease. Sodium and chloride, and chloride and magnesium imbalances are not primary concerns in Addison's disease. Therefore, staying alert for signs and symptoms of sodium and potassium abnormalities is crucial in managing and monitoring a client with Addison's disease.
Question 3 of 9
The nurse establishes trust and talks with a school-aged patient before administering an injection. Which type of implementation skill is the nurse using?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Interpersonal. The nurse is using interpersonal skills by establishing trust and communicating with the patient before administering the injection. This helps build rapport and alleviate anxiety. Cognitive skills involve problem-solving and critical thinking, not direct patient interaction. Psychomotor skills relate to physical tasks like giving injections. Judgmental skills involve making decisions based on critical thinking, not directly related to patient communication.
Question 4 of 9
The nurse is conducting a nursing history of a client with a respiratory rate of 30, audible wheezing, and nasal flaring. During the interview, the client denies problems with breathing. What action should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. The nurse should clarify discrepancies of assessment data with the client to ensure accurate information. 2. The client's denial of breathing problems conflicts with physical signs, indicating a potential lack of awareness or reluctance to disclose symptoms. 3. By clarifying with the client, the nurse can address any misunderstandings or encourage honest communication. 4. This approach promotes client-centered care and ensures a comprehensive understanding of the client's health status. Summary: - Choice A is correct as it addresses the need to clarify discrepancies with the client for accurate assessment. - Choice B is incorrect as validation with the healthcare team may not provide insight into the client's perception. - Choice C is incorrect as it does not address the need to resolve conflicting assessment data. - Choice D is incorrect as family input may not provide accurate information if the client denies symptoms.
Question 5 of 9
A client with pernicious anemia is receiving parenteral vitamin B12 therapy. Which client statement indicates effective teaching about this therapy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: “I will receive parenteral vitamin B12 therapy for the rest of my life.” This statement is correct because pernicious anemia is a lifelong condition requiring ongoing vitamin B12 supplementation. Patients with pernicious anemia lack intrinsic factor, which is needed to absorb vitamin B12 from food. Therefore, they need lifelong B12 therapy to prevent complications such as anemia and neurological damage. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they suggest a limited duration of therapy. Pernicious anemia is a chronic condition that necessitates continuous treatment. Choice A implies therapy until signs and symptoms disappear, which may not address the underlying cause of the deficiency. Choice B mentions therapy until vitamin B12 levels normalize, which may not prevent recurrence. Choice C suggests monthly therapy for a fixed period, which may not be sufficient for lifelong management.
Question 6 of 9
During the evaluation phase, what key action does the nurse perform?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During the evaluation phase, the nurse performs the key action of determining the effectiveness of the care plan. This involves assessing whether the client's goals are being met, if interventions are achieving the desired outcomes, and if any modifications are necessary. This step is crucial to ensure the care plan is successful and the client's needs are being addressed appropriately. Choice A is incorrect because diagnosing the client's condition is typically done in the assessment phase, not during evaluation. Choice B is incorrect as identifying nursing interventions is part of the planning phase. Choice D is incorrect as developing goals and outcomes is part of the planning phase as well. Overall, the evaluation phase focuses on assessing the effectiveness of the care plan rather than diagnosing, identifying interventions, or developing goals.
Question 7 of 9
Mr Santos is scheduled for CT SCAN for the next day, noon time. Which of the following is the correct preparation as instructed by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because shampooing the hair thoroughly helps remove oil and dirt, which can interfere with the CT scan results. By having clean hair, the scan can produce clearer images. Choice B is incorrect because some preparation is needed for a CT scan, especially regarding cleanliness. Choice C is incorrect as giving a cleansing enema and fluids until 8 AM is not necessary for a CT scan of the head. Choice D is incorrect as shaving the scalp and attaching electrodes are not part of routine preparation for a CT scan.
Question 8 of 9
Management of hypercalcemia includes all of the following actions except administration of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because administration of the diuretic furosemide without saline is not recommended for managing hypercalcemia. Furosemide can lead to volume depletion and potentially exacerbate hypercalcemia by concentrating calcium levels in the blood. A: Fluid administration helps dilute calcium levels by increasing urine output. C: Inorganic phosphate salts can bind with calcium in the gut, reducing absorption. D: Intravenous phosphate therapy can help lower calcium levels by promoting calcium-phosphate complex formation. In summary, B is incorrect as it may worsen hypercalcemia, while A, C, and D are valid strategies for managing hypercalcemia.
Question 9 of 9
On a visit to the gynecologist, a client complains of urinary frequency, pelvic discomfort, and weight loss. After a complete physical examination, blood studies, and a pelvic examination with a Papanicolaou test, the physician diagnoses stage IV ovarian cancer. The nurse expects to prepare the client for which initial treatment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct initial treatment for stage IV ovarian cancer is major surgery (Choice C). This is because at this advanced stage, surgery is typically performed to debulk the tumor and remove as much cancerous tissue as possible, followed by chemotherapy to target any remaining cancer cells. Radiation therapy (Choice A) is not typically the initial treatment for ovarian cancer. Chemotherapy (Choice B) is often used in combination with surgery, but surgery is usually the first line of treatment for stage IV disease. Choosing no treatment (Choice D) would be detrimental as the cancer is advanced and requires immediate intervention.