ATI RN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
Nurse Raymond is giving instructions to an elderly client on diabetic foot care. Which teaching is not part of foot care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because washing feet in hot water can lead to burns or skin damage for those with diabetes. A: Proper footwear is essential for preventing foot injuries. B: Trimming toenails straight across helps prevent ingrown nails. D: Wearing shoes on hot surfaces prevents burns or blisters. Overall, C is incorrect due to the potential harm it can cause to diabetic feet.
Question 2 of 9
A nurse writes the following nursing diagnosis for a client with Alzheimer’s disease: 'Disturbed Thought Processes related to Alzheimer’s disease as evidenced by incoherent language.' Which part of this diagnosis is considered the problem statement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Disturbed thought processes. This is the problem statement because it identifies the specific nursing diagnosis that reflects the client's cognitive impairment. "Disturbed thought processes" directly addresses the issue the nurse is observing in the client. The other choices are not the problem statement. "Related to" is the etiology or cause of the problem, "Alzheimer’s disease" is the medical condition, and "Incoherent language" is the defining characteristic or evidence of the problem. Therefore, A is the correct answer as it clearly states the client's primary issue.
Question 3 of 9
A client with hypothyroidism (myxedema) is receiving levothyroxine (Synthroid), 25 mcg PO daily. Which finding should the nurse recognize as an adverse effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tachycardia. Levothyroxine is a synthetic form of thyroid hormone used to treat hypothyroidism. If the dose is too high, it can lead to symptoms of hyperthyroidism, including tachycardia (rapid heartbeat). This is because an excess of thyroid hormone can increase the heart rate. Dysuria (choice A) is not a common adverse effect of levothyroxine. Leg cramps (choice C) are more commonly associated with electrolyte imbalances. Blurred vision (choice D) is not a typical adverse effect of levothyroxine.
Question 4 of 9
While completing an admission database, the nurse is interviewing a patient who states “I am allergic to latex.” Which action will the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ask the patient to describe the type of reaction. This is the first action the nurse should take to assess the severity of the latex allergy and determine appropriate interventions. By gathering more information about the reaction, the nurse can better understand the potential risks and provide safe care. Summary of other choices: A: Immediately placing the patient in isolation is unnecessary and not indicated based solely on the patient's latex allergy. C: Proceeding to the termination phase of the interview is premature without fully assessing the patient's allergy. D: Documenting the allergy is important but should not be the first action without assessing the reaction itself.
Question 5 of 9
Which of the following risk factors presents the greatest threat for respiratory disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Smoking. Smoking presents the greatest threat for respiratory disease due to the harmful chemicals in tobacco that can damage the lungs and lead to conditions like COPD and lung cancer. Smoking is a well-known risk factor for various respiratory issues. Exposure to radiation (B) can increase cancer risk but is not as directly linked to respiratory diseases. High-fat diet (C) may impact overall health but is not a primary risk factor for respiratory diseases. Alcohol consumption (D) can contribute to respiratory issues, but smoking is considered the most significant risk factor.
Question 6 of 9
Which of the ff. conditions places a patient at risk for respiratory complications following his splenectomy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: An incision near the diaphragm. Following a splenectomy, an incision near the diaphragm can lead to respiratory complications due to potential irritation or injury to the diaphragm. This can result in impaired breathing and increased risk of respiratory issues such as pneumonia. A: A low platelet count is not directly related to respiratory complications following a splenectomy. B: Early ambulation is generally encouraged to prevent complications such as blood clots but does not specifically impact respiratory complications. D: Early discharge may not directly lead to respiratory complications, as long as the patient is adequately monitored postoperatively.
Question 7 of 9
Which of the following terms would indicate to the nurse that a substance is toxic to the ear?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ototoxic. Ototoxic refers to substances that are harmful to the ear, potentially causing hearing loss or damage. The prefix "oto-" specifically relates to the ear. Otoplasty (A) is a surgical procedure to reshape the ear, not related to toxicity. Otalgia (C) refers to ear pain, not toxicity. Tinnitus (D) is a symptom of ringing in the ears, not directly related to toxicity. Therefore, the term "ototoxic" is the best indicator of a substance being toxic to the ear due to its specific reference to ear toxicity.
Question 8 of 9
A client was brought to the emergency room with complains of difficulty of breathing. What can lead the nurse to suspect that the client is experiencing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for choice C being correct: 1. Restlessness: Indicates increased work of breathing and hypoxia. 2. Suprasternal retractions: Sign of respiratory distress. 3. paO2 of 62: Indicates severe hypoxemia, common in ARDS. Summary: A: Enlarged heart on x-ray does not directly indicate ARDS. B: Thick green sputum suggests infection, not specific to ARDS. D: Wheezes and slow respirations are not typical of ARDS, and pCO2 is normal in ARDS.
Question 9 of 9
A nurse is collecting information from a client with dementia. The client’s daughter accompanies the client. Which of the following statements by the nurse would recognize the client’s value as an individual?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it acknowledges the client's value as an individual by directly addressing them and asking about their own self-care practices, which respects their autonomy and personhood. Choice A focuses on the client's father rather than the client themselves. Choice B addresses the daughter, not the client, and implies a lack of prioritization of the client's needs. Choice D is dismissive and does not recognize the client's capacity to communicate, undermining their dignity.