Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Nurse Noli should not advise patients to eat more saturated fats. Saturated fats are known to increase cholesterol levels and can lead to heart disease and other health issues. It is recommended to limit the intake of saturated fats in the diet. Therefore, advising patients to eat more saturated fats goes against the goal of promoting heart-healthy habits. Instead, Nurse Noli should focus on encouraging patients to cut down on salt intake, consume more fruits and vegetables, and eat regular meals to maintain a balanced and healthy diet.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When a client experiences cardiac arrest, their breathing may become insufficient, leading to inadequate elimination of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the body. With reduced CO2 elimination, the level of CO2 in the bloodstream increases, causing respiratory acidosis. This imbalance is characterized by a decrease in blood pH along with an increase in CO2 levels in the blood, resulting in an acidic environment. Respiratory acidosis is the most common imbalance seen in clients who have experienced cardiac arrest, as impaired gas exchange impacts the body's ability to maintain proper acid-base balance.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this critical situation, the safety of the wife is of utmost importance. Whenever a healthcare provider becomes aware of a direct threat to someone's safety, especially related to potential harm or violence, it is their ethical and legal responsibility to report this information to the appropriate authorities promptly. In this case, the nurse should alert the proper authorities, such as law enforcement or a mental health crisis team, to ensure that immediate steps are taken to protect the wife from harm. Confidentiality should be breached in situations where there is a clear threat to an individual's safety. Keeping the information confidential in this scenario could result in serious harm or even loss of life. The nurse must act quickly to protect the potential victim.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The patient's presenting symptoms of chest pain worsened by inspiration and relieved by sitting forward, with associated DVT in the lower extremity, suggest a high likelihood of pulmonary embolism. Chest pain that worsens with inspiration due to pleuritic involvement is a classic symptom of pulmonary embolism. Additionally, the presence of DVT in the lower extremity represents a risk factor for the development of pulmonary embolism, as clots originating in the deep veins can travel to the pulmonary circulation to cause an obstruction. Patients with pulmonary embolism may also exhibit signs of right heart strain, such as tachycardia, tachypnea, and sometimes hemoptysis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The nurse's best response to a patient expressing fear of the unknown regarding an upcoming surgical procedure is to provide the patient with accurate information about the surgical procedure and what to expect. This approach empowers the patient with knowledge and helps alleviate anxiety by demystifying the unknown. By educating the patient about the procedure, potential risks, and postoperative care, the nurse can help the patient feel more prepared and in control of the situation. It is crucial for healthcare providers to address patient fears with compassion, understanding, and information to support the patient through the surgical process.