ATI RN
Theoretical Basis for Behavior Modification Questions
Question 1 of 5
Nurse Kate is aware that one of the following classes of medication protect the ischemic myocardium by blocking catecholamines and sympathetic nerve stimulation is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Beta-adrenergic blockers. These medications protect the ischemic myocardium by blocking catecholamines and sympathetic nerve stimulation, reducing the workload of the heart and oxygen demand. Beta blockers slow heart rate, decrease blood pressure, and improve coronary blood flow. Calcium channel blockers (B) primarily work by relaxing blood vessels and reducing the heart's workload. Narcotics (C) are pain-relieving medications and do not directly protect the ischemic myocardium. Nitrates (D) dilate blood vessels to improve blood flow but do not specifically block catecholamines and sympathetic nerve stimulation.
Question 2 of 5
Nurse Sugar is assessing a client with Cushing's syndrome. Which observation should the nurse report to the physician immediately?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: An irregular apical pulse. In Cushing's syndrome, excess cortisol can lead to cardiac arrhythmias. An irregular apical pulse indicates potential cardiac issues requiring immediate attention. Pitting edema (A) is common in conditions like heart failure. Dry mucous membranes (C) can be due to dehydration. Frequent urination (D) can be caused by conditions like diabetes. However, an irregular pulse is the most urgent concern due to the risk of serious cardiac complications.
Question 3 of 5
Rico with diabetes mellitus must learn how to self-administer insulin. The physician has prescribed 10 U of U-100 regular insulin and 35 U of U-100 isophane insulin suspension (NPH) to be taken before breakfast. When teaching the client how to select and rotate insulin injection sites, the nurse should provide which instruction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Rotating injection sites helps prevent lipohypertrophy and ensures consistent insulin absorption. Step 2: Rotating within the same region allows for proper absorption without causing tissue damage. Step 3: Injecting into healthy tissue with large blood vessels can lead to erratic absorption. Step 4: Administering into areas of scar tissue or hypotrophy can alter insulin absorption. Step 5: Administering into sites above muscles before exercise can lead to rapid absorption and hypoglycemia.
Question 4 of 5
If a client requires a pneumonectomy, what fills the area of the thoracic cavity?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because after a pneumonectomy, the pleural cavity is filled with serous fluids to prevent collapse and consolidate the region. This fluid helps maintain the integrity of the thoracic cavity structure and prevents the other organs from shifting. Choice A is incorrect because leaving the space filled with air would lead to a collapsed lung and inefficient breathing. Choice B is incorrect as filling the space with a gel would not serve any physiological purpose and could potentially cause complications. Choice D is incorrect as tissue from the other lung does not grow over to the other side to fill the empty space left by the removed lung.
Question 5 of 5
Francis with leukemia has neutropenia. Which of the following functions must frequently assessed?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Breath sounds. In a patient with neutropenia, there is a higher risk of developing respiratory infections due to low white blood cell count. Assessing breath sounds can help detect early signs of respiratory distress or infection, which can be life-threatening in this population. Blood pressure (A), bowel sounds (B), and heart sounds (C) are important assessments, but in the context of neutropenia, monitoring breath sounds is crucial for early detection and intervention in respiratory complications.