Nurse Cecile is teaching a female client about preventing osteoporosis. Which of the following teaching points is correct?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because it emphasizes the importance of obtaining the recommended daily allowance of calcium from a variety of foods. Calcium is essential for bone health and can be found in dairy products, leafy greens, nuts, and fortified foods. This teaching point promotes a balanced and healthy diet as a natural way to prevent osteoporosis. Choice A is incorrect because routine X-rays are not recommended for detecting bone loss in osteoporosis. Choice B is incorrect as regular exercise, including weight-bearing and resistance training, is beneficial for bone health and can help prevent fractures. Choice D is incorrect as it is possible to meet the daily calcium requirement through dietary sources without necessarily needing a calcium supplement.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level is elevated in clients who smoke but is not a reliable general indicator of cancer. Smoking can increase CEA levels due to inflammation and irritation of the respiratory tract, leading to false positives. Acid phosphatase (A) is associated with prostate cancer, serum calcitonin (B) with medullary thyroid cancer, and alkaline phosphatase (C) with liver or bone diseases. Therefore, they are not elevated solely due to smoking.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: stool for Clostridium difficile test. Rationale: 1. Abdominal pain, fever, and "horse barn" smelling diarrhea can indicate Clostridium difficile infection. 2. Clostridium difficile is a common cause of diarrhea in patients receiving chemotherapy. 3. Early detection and treatment of Clostridium difficile infection are crucial to prevent complications. 4. Stool test for Clostridium difficile can confirm the diagnosis and guide appropriate treatment. Incorrect choices: A: ELISA test - Not indicated for the symptoms described. B: Electrolyte panel and hemogram - Important but not the most immediate concern in this case. D: Flat plate X-ray of the abdomen - Unlikely to provide relevant information for the symptoms presented.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because when using a cane for right-sided weakness, the client should hold the cane in the opposite hand (left hand) to provide support to the weaker side. By moving the cane forward followed by the right leg, the client maintains balance and support on the affected side, allowing for a smoother gait pattern. Moving the left leg after the right leg helps in providing stability and weight-bearing on the stronger side. Choice A is incorrect as the client should hold the cane in the opposite hand of the weakness. Choice B is incorrect as it does not provide support to the weaker side. Choice D is incorrect as it does not promote balance and stability for the client with right-sided weakness.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Leukopenia. Combination chemotherapy often leads to low white blood cell counts, known as leukopenia, which increases the risk of infection. Nurse Ruby should monitor Tracy for signs of infection such as fever, chills, and weakness. Ascites (A) is an accumulation of fluid in the abdomen, not a systemic side effect of chemotherapy. Nystagmus (B) is an involuntary eye movement and not typically associated with chemotherapy. Polycythemia (D) is an excessive production of red blood cells, which is not a common side effect of chemotherapy. Monitoring for leukopenia is critical to prevent infections and ensure Tracy's safety during treatment.