Nurse Bryan knows that the age group that uses the most units of blood and blood products is:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The elderly above age 65 years are the largest consumers of blood and blood products due to the higher prevalence of chronic diseases, surgeries, and medical conditions that require transfusions, such as anemia, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. While premature infants and children may require blood products, their overall usage is lower compared to the elderly population. Adults aged 21-64 also use blood products, but the demand is highest among the elderly due to their increased healthcare needs.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Insulin acts via tyrosine kinase receptors, not G-protein-coupled receptors, so that's false. Mineralocorticoids (e.g., aldosterone) bind intracellular receptors, not tyrosine kinase, making that incorrect. Vitamin D binds intracellular nuclear receptors, regulating gene transcription, a true statement and the correct pathway. Adrenaline acts via G-protein-coupled adrenergic receptors, not ligand-gated channels, so that's false. Platelet-derived growth factor uses tyrosine kinase, not cytokine receptors. Vitamin D's intracellular action is key to its role in calcium homeostasis, distinguishing it from membrane-bound receptor mechanisms.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Androgen therapy in men, typically testosterone replacement, aims to boost libido and treat erectile dysfunction by restoring normal androgen levels, countering hypogonadism's effects like reduced sexual drive. Decreasing libido contradicts its purpose, as low testosterone already dims desire. It doesn't release follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-exogenous androgens may suppress FSH and LH via feedback inhibition. Increasing luteinizing hormone (LH) isn't the goal; therapy bypasses LH by directly providing testosterone. Raising libido aligns with correcting symptoms of androgen deficiency, improving quality of life and sexual function, a primary clinical indication supported by its action on androgen receptors in sexual tissues.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Biliary excretion (e.g., rifampin) can prolong a drug's action via enterohepatic recycling-reabsorption from the gut extends duration, a key assessment point. Side effects don't inherently increase or decrease-dose and metabolism matter. Reduced effect assumes loss, not recycling. Prolonged action reflects pharmacokinetics, guiding monitoring for efficacy and toxicity.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Polypharmacy-13 drugs-raises interaction risks (e.g., beta-blockers plus CCBs causing hypotension/bradycardia), a common adverse outcome in complex regimens. Allergy lacks specific signs (e.g., rash). Non-compliance isn't indicated-she reports use. Transient effects need time evidence. Polypharmacy fits symptoms, per pharmacodynamics.