ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Made Easy 4.0 Infection Questions
Question 1 of 5
Nurse Bryan knows that the age group that uses the most units of blood and blood products is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Premature infants, especially those born very premature or with health complications, often require blood transfusions due to their underdeveloped organs and medical conditions. Their small size and medical fragility make them the age group that typically uses the most units of blood and blood products. This high demand for blood products is necessary to support their growth, development, and overall health. Conversely, while individuals in other age groups may also require blood transfusions, premature infants have specific and ongoing needs that often result in a greater overall use of blood and blood products in this age group.
Question 2 of 5
Angiotension II receptor agents medications usually end in?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Angiotensin II receptor agents medications usually end in -sartan. Examples of such medications include losartan, valsartan, and telmisartan. These drugs work by blocking the action of angiotensin II at its receptor sites, resulting in vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion. This class of medications is commonly used to treat conditions like hypertension, heart failure, and diabetic nephropathy.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse teaches the client about the difference between oral and nasal decongestants. The nurse evaluates that learning has been effective when the client makes which statement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oral decongestants risk hypertension , unlike nasal ones, showing effective learning. Nasal use beyond days causes rebound. Only nasal causes rebound . Efficacy varies. A reflects key differences, making it the best statement.
Question 4 of 5
A patient who has been taking a benzodiazepine as a sleep aid for several months wishes to stop taking the medication. The nurse will suggest that the patient taper the dose gradually to avoid which effect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Benzodiazepines, such as medications used for sleep aid, are known for their potential to cause physical dependence. If a patient abruptly stops taking benzodiazepines after using them regularly for an extended period, they are at risk of experiencing withdrawal symptoms. These withdrawal symptoms can be severe and may include rebound insomnia, anxiety, agitation, tremors, sweating, and even seizures in some cases. To prevent or minimize the likelihood of withdrawal symptoms, it is important for patients to gradually taper off the medication under the guidance of a healthcare provider. This gradual tapering helps the body adjust slowly to decreasing doses of the medication, reducing the risk of withdrawal effects.
Question 5 of 5
While preparing an infusion of mannitol (Osmitrol), the nurse notices small crystals in the IV tubing. What is the most appropriate action by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most appropriate action by the nurse when small crystals are observed in the IV tubing while preparing an infusion of mannitol (Osmitrol) is to discard the solution and obtain another bag of medication. Small crystals in the IV tubing can indicate that the medication may be contaminated or that it has precipitated out of solution, which can potentially lead to complications if infused into the patient. It is crucial to ensure that the medication is in proper form before administration to prevent any harm to the patient. Therefore, discarding the solution and obtaining a new bag of medication is the safest and most appropriate course of action in this situation.