Normal qualities of urine include

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because normal urine is typically clear or transparent in color and has a faint smell. This indicates proper hydration and a healthy functioning urinary system. Pink or red color (A) may indicate blood in the urine, cloudiness (B) can be a sign of infection, and the presence of protein or glucose (D) suggests underlying health issues such as kidney disease or diabetes. Therefore, the qualities described in choices A, B, and D are not indicative of normal urine and should be further investigated.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Angina pectoris. Angina pectoris is the medical term for chest pain, pressure, or discomfort that occurs when the heart muscle doesn't get enough oxygen-rich blood. This condition is typically caused by narrowed or blocked coronary arteries. Myocardial ischemia (A) refers to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, which can lead to angina. Coronary artery disease (C) is a condition where plaque builds up in the coronary arteries, leading to reduced blood flow to the heart. Hypertension (D) is high blood pressure and is not directly related to chest pain or discomfort. Hence, Angina pectoris is the most appropriate term for describing chest pain related to inadequate blood flow to the heart.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pain and stiffness increase in cold or damp weather. This is true because osteoarthritis is a condition where the cartilage in joints deteriorates, causing pain and stiffness. Cold or damp weather can exacerbate these symptoms due to changes in barometric pressure and temperature affecting joint fluid viscosity. A: Jaw and neck are usually affected - This is incorrect because osteoarthritis commonly affects weight-bearing joints like the knees and hips, not typically the jaw and neck. C: Antibiotics are usually the first type of medication to treat osteoarthritis - This is incorrect because antibiotics are not used to treat osteoarthritis, which is a degenerative joint condition, not an infection. D: Residents will not be able to perform any ADLs if they have osteoarthritis - This is incorrect because with proper management, individuals with osteoarthritis can still perform activities of daily living (ADLs) with modifications and support.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Dementia. Dementia refers to a serious loss of mental abilities, including memory, reasoning, and communication skills. It is a progressive condition that impairs daily functioning. A: Cognition refers to the mental processes involved in gaining knowledge and understanding. B: Irreversible means something that cannot be undone or changed. D: Onset refers to the beginning or start of something, such as a disease or condition. In this context, dementia best describes the specific term for a serious loss of mental abilities.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Receive careful foot care. For a resident with diabetes, foot care is crucial to prevent complications such as neuropathy and foot ulcers. Careful foot care includes daily inspection, proper hygiene, moisturizing, and wearing appropriate footwear. Skipping meals (choice A) is not recommended for diabetic individuals as it can lead to fluctuations in blood sugar levels. Going barefoot (choice B) is dangerous for diabetics as they are prone to injuries and infections. Avoiding exercise (choice D) is also not advisable as regular physical activity helps in managing blood sugar levels and overall health.