ATI RN
Pediatrics Genetics Questions
Question 1 of 5
Normal pregnancy results from:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 1 maternal, 1 paternal set (A) is normal. Rationale: Diploidy (2n=46) requires 23 chromosomes from egg and sperm; deviations (B-D) cause moles or lethality.
Question 2 of 5
Expressivity can be described as:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Expressivity (B) is the variable degree of phenotype expression influenced by factors. Rationale: Unlike pleiotropy (A, multiple effects) or penetrance (C, all-or-none), expressivity explains severity variation (e.g., mild vs. severe in neurofibromatosis).
Question 3 of 5
The prolactin level of the young woman described in Question 1 is 1000 times higher than normal. The next test in her evaluation should be
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated prolactin (1000x normal) suggests a pituitary prolactinoma. Cranial MRI (A) is the next step to visualize the pituitary gland. Rationale: MRI detects adenomas; abdominal CT (B) or pelvic ultrasound (C) assess unrelated areas; uterine biopsy (D) and mammography (E) don’t address pituitary pathology.
Question 4 of 5
Successful treatment of nonspecific vulvovaginitis includes all of the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Treatment includes loose clothing (B), sitz baths (C), and mild soap (D). Oral tetracycline is not indicated. Rationale: Topical estrogen (A) may help in severe cases; tetracycline is for bacterial infections, not nonspecific vulvovaginitis.
Question 5 of 5
The most common ovarian neoplasm in adolescents is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Teratomas (B), often benign (dermoid cysts), are the most common ovarian neoplasms in adolescents. Rationale: Malignant cancers (A) and rare tumors (C, D) are less frequent; teratomas arise from germ cells, prevalent in young females.