ATI RN
Pediatric Musculoskeletal Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
Normal anion gap metabolic acidosis can occur in
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Severe anemia can cause normal anion gap acidosis due to reduced oxygen delivery; others typically increase the anion gap.
Question 2 of 5
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common hereditary neuromuscular disease affecting all races and ethnic groups. All the following are features of DMD EXCEPT
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fasciculation is not a feature of DMD, which is characterized by progressive muscle weakness, scoliosis, contractures, cardiomyopathy, and intellectual impairment. Fasciculations are more typical of neurogenic conditions like ALS.
Question 3 of 5
In periodic paralysis, all the following are precipitating factors EXCEPT
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A heavy fat meal is not a recognized trigger for periodic paralysis; the others (e.g., licorice via hypokalemia) can precipitate attacks.
Question 4 of 5
Guillain Barré syndrome is an autoimmune disorder often considered a postinfectious polyneuropathy involving mainly motor but also sensory and sometimes autonomic nerves. All the following are required in diagnosis EXCEPT
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Muscle biopsy is not required for GBS diagnosis; CSF (elevated protein), EMG, and nerve studies are more relevant.
Question 5 of 5
Myasthenia gravis should be differentiated from other causes of neuromuscular blockade as organophosphate chemicals, botulism, and tick paralysis. Of the following, the MOST specific diagnostic test is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies are the most specific diagnostic test for myasthenia gravis, present in 85-90% of cases.