Normal age-related changes for the respiratory system include

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lung strength decreases. As people age, their lung capacity decreases due to changes in lung tissue elasticity and muscle strength, leading to decreased respiratory function. This results in reduced lung strength and efficiency. Option B is incorrect as airways actually become less elastic with age, contributing to decreased lung function. Option C is incorrect as aging can lead to a weaker cough reflex. Option D is incorrect as oxygen levels in the blood do not typically increase with age; in fact, they may decrease due to reduced lung function.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Validation therapy is the correct answer. It involves validating the feelings and beliefs of individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD), even if they are not based in reality. This approach helps to reduce stress and anxiety by acknowledging and respecting their emotions. A: Reality orientation focuses on helping individuals with AD understand current time, place, and person, which is opposite to the approach mentioned in the question. C: Reminiscence therapy involves recalling past memories but does not necessarily involve validating false beliefs about living in the past. D: Remotivation therapy aims to increase motivation and engagement, but it is not specifically related to addressing the belief of living in the past.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Malignant. A malignant tumor is cancerous because it can invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body. This term is used to describe tumors that are harmful and have the potential to be life-threatening. Incorrect choices: A: Opportunistic - This term is not related to tumor classification. Opportunistic refers to infections that occur when the immune system is weakened. B: Benign - Benign tumors are non-cancerous and do not invade nearby tissues or spread to other parts of the body. D: Ballistic - This term is unrelated to tumor classification and refers to the science of projectiles and firearms.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Not drinking fluids can help prevent vomiting and aspiration. Before surgery, withholding fluids can reduce the risk of aspiration, where stomach contents enter the lungs during anesthesia induction. Aspiration can lead to serious complications, such as pneumonia. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because drinking more fluids than usual, incontinence risk, and surgery success rate are not directly related to the preoperative fasting guidelines.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because assistive devices are designed to support individuals in performing activities of daily living, such as bathing, dressing, and eating. These devices help enhance independence and quality of life for residents with disabilities or limitations. Option A is incorrect as handwashing aids are not the primary purpose of assistive devices. Option C is incorrect as assistive devices do not assist residents in adapting to new roommates. Option D is incorrect as wheelchairs are a specific type of assistive device, but not the only purpose of assistive devices.