Norma has started a new drug for hypertension. Thirty minutes after she takes the drug, she develops chest tightness and becomes short of breath and tachypneic. She has a decreased level of consciousness. These signs indicate which of the following conditions?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pulmonary embolism. Norma's symptoms of chest tightness, shortness of breath, tachypnea, and decreased consciousness are classic signs of a pulmonary embolism, which is a blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries in the lungs. These symptoms are due to a sudden obstruction of blood flow to the lungs, leading to impaired oxygen exchange and potentially life-threatening consequences. A: Asthma attack is incorrect because although asthma can present with chest tightness and shortness of breath, it typically does not cause a decreased level of consciousness. C: Respiratory failure is incorrect because it is a broad term that describes the inability of the respiratory system to adequately oxygenate the blood and remove carbon dioxide. It does not specifically point to the sudden onset of symptoms described in the scenario. D: Rheumatoid arthritis is incorrect because it is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints, and it does not present with the acute respiratory symptoms and decreased

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because providing the wife with the number of a crisis center offers immediate help and support in a dangerous situation. This step is crucial in ensuring her safety and connecting her with professionals trained to assist in abusive situations. Choice B is incorrect as leaving an abusive partner can be a complex and dangerous process that requires careful planning and support. Choice C is incorrect as discussing the situation with family may not always be safe or helpful, as they may not understand the seriousness of the abuse or may inadvertently put the wife at risk. Choice D is incorrect as it places blame on the victim rather than addressing the abuser's behavior and providing practical support.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Correct Answer: D - Serious violations of age-related norms Rationale: 1. Conduct disorder involves persistent patterns of behavior that violate social norms. 2. Children with conduct disorder often exhibit aggression, deceitfulness, and rule-breaking behaviors. 3. These behaviors are serious violations of age-related norms for typical child development. 4. The other choices are not characteristic of conduct disorder; distractibility, ritualistic behaviors, and preference for inanimate objects are more commonly associated with other disorders such as ADHD, OCD, and autism, respectively.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tolerance. Tolerance refers to the need for increased amounts of a substance to achieve the desired effect over time. In this case, the patient's increased intake of alcohol to achieve the same effect indicates tolerance. Withdrawal (A) involves symptoms that occur when the substance is reduced or stopped. Intoxication (C) refers to the immediate effects of a substance on the body. Psychological dependence (D) involves a strong desire or craving for the substance, which is not explicitly indicated in the scenario.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Insidious onset. Dementia is a chronic, progressive condition with a slow and gradual onset, unlike delirium which has a sudden onset. Slurred speech (A) is not a defining characteristic of dementia. Clouding of consciousness (C) is more indicative of delirium. Sensory perceptual changes (D) are not specific to dementia. The insidious onset of symptoms over time is a key feature that distinguishes dementia from delirium.