ATI RN
Biological Basis of Behavior Questions
Question 1 of 5
Norma asks for information about osteoarthritis. Which of the following statements about osteoarthritis is correct?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (C): Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, affecting millions worldwide. It is characterized by the breakdown of cartilage in joints. This statement is correct as it accurately reflects the prevalence and impact of osteoarthritis. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Osteoarthritis can indeed be debilitating, especially in advanced cases, affecting mobility and quality of life. B: Osteoarthritis is not rare; it is prevalent, particularly in older populations. D: While osteoarthritis is more common in older adults, it can also affect people of all ages, including younger individuals due to factors like joint injury or genetics.
Question 2 of 5
A client with shortness of breath has decreased to absent breath sounds on the right side, from the apex to the base. Which of the following conditions would best explain this?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Spontaneous pneumothorax. In this scenario, the decreased to absent breath sounds on the right side indicate a possible lung collapse, which is characteristic of a spontaneous pneumothorax. This condition occurs when air enters the pleural space, causing the lung to collapse. The absence of breath sounds is due to the lack of air movement in the affected lung. Acute asthma (choice A) typically presents with wheezing and prolonged expiration. Chronic bronchitis (choice B) is characterized by productive cough and wheezing. Pneumonia (choice C) would present with crackles and increased breath sounds in the affected area.
Question 3 of 5
Instructions for a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) would include information about which of the following blood dyscrasias?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Essential thrombocytopenia. Clients with SLE are at risk for developing various blood dyscrasias, including thrombocytopenia (low platelet count). Thrombocytopenia can lead to an increased risk of bleeding, which is important for the client to be aware of. Dressler's syndrome (A) is a post-myocardial infarction syndrome and not directly related to SLE. Polycythemia (B) is an increase in red blood cells, not typically associated with SLE. Von Willebrand's disease (D) is a bleeding disorder due to a deficiency in von Willebrand factor, but it is not commonly seen in SLE.
Question 4 of 5
Stacy's mother states to the nurse that it is hard to see Stacy with no hair. The best response for the nurse is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale: - Option D is correct because it acknowledges the mother's concern, provides reassurance, and educates about the temporary nature of the hair loss due to the treatment. - It shows empathy, offers hope, and addresses the mother's emotional distress in a supportive and informative manner. Summary: - Option A ignores the mother's feelings and does not address the underlying concern. - Option B is dismissive and invalidates the mother's emotions, lacking empathy. - Option C suggests suppressing emotions, which can be harmful and does not address the mother's concern.
Question 5 of 5
The biopsy of Mr. Gonzales confirms the diagnosis of cirrhosis. Mr. Gonzales is at increased risk for excessive bleeding primarily because of:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Impaired clotting mechanism. Cirrhosis can lead to decreased production of clotting factors by the liver, resulting in impaired blood clotting ability. This puts Mr. Gonzales at a higher risk of excessive bleeding. Varix formation (B) can cause bleeding but is not the primary reason in this case. Inadequate nutrition (C) may contribute to overall health but is not directly linked to bleeding risk. Trauma of invasive procedure (D) is a potential risk but not the primary concern in cirrhosis.