ATI RN
NCLEX Questions Pediatric Infectious Diseases Questions
Question 1 of 5
Nocardia infection is an acute, subacute, or chronic suppurative infection that primarily causes pulmonary disease in immunocompromised patients. The hallmark of Nocardia infection is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nocardia infections are characterized by remissions and exacerbations, especially in immunocompromised patients.
Question 2 of 5
A 6-year-old child is brought to your office because a tiny tick was found and removed from his forearm. The parents are unsure how long the tick had been attached, although they thought that it probably had not been there for more than 1 day. They live in an area in which Lyme disease is common. The next step in the proper treatment of this patient should be to
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Short tick attachment (<24 hours) poses low risk; observation for erythema migrans is sufficient without prophylaxis.
Question 3 of 5
A child who returned 2 weeks ago from equatorial Africa is admitted in a coma, with high fever and a palpable spleen. The liver is not enlarged. Laboratory studies reveal hypoglycemia, but the CSF is essentially normal. An immediate working diagnosis would be
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Falciparum malaria can cause coma, fever, splenomegaly, and hypoglycemia with normal CSF.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following blood products has been shown to be of greatest risk in transfusion-associated disease due to $Y$. enterocolitica?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Y. enterocolitica thrives in stored RBCs, increasing transfusion risk.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following therapeutic options is the optimal method to manage symptomatic nontuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Surgical excision is the preferred treatment for nontuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis.