Niklaus was born with hypospadias; which of the following should be avoided when a child has such condition?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hypospadias is a congenital condition where the opening of the urethra is located on the underside of the penis instead of the tip. If a child is born with hypospadias, circumcision should be avoided. Circumcision involves removing part of the foreskin, which can cause complications for children with hypospadias, such as affecting future surgical repair procedures or worsening the hypospadias itself. Therefore, it is recommended to avoid circumcision in children with hypospadias.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Voluntary release is a key milestone in visuomotor coordination at this age.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Egocentric thinking is characteristic of preschool-age children.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: People with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at a higher risk of infections due to their impaired immune system. Infections can trigger a sickle cell crisis, which can be life-threatening. Therefore, proper hand washing and infection avoidance are crucial components of the care plan for clients with SCD. This topic should be included in Nurse Katriz's client education program to help reduce the risk of infections and promote better health outcomes for individuals with SCD.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In stable asthmatic patients, additional interventions like systemic steroids or increased beta-agonist doses are not always necessary unless there are signs of exacerbation.