Neuron that conducts impulses from the brain toward the spinal cord or out of the brain and spinal cord into cranial or spinal nerves to effectors that may be either muscles or glands.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Motor neurons (efferent) carry signals from the CNS to effectors (muscles, glands). Synapse is a junction, interneurons connect neurons, and sensory neurons are afferent.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Effectors are tissues that respond to neural signals, such as glands (secreting hormones) and muscles. Cranial nerves and spinal cord are neural, and the brain is CNS.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Organs are like chapters, each a major functional unit contributing to the organism (book). Cells are words, tissues are sentences, and organ systems are sections.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Nissl bodies are rough endoplasmic reticulum in neurons, synthesizing proteins. Mitochondria produce energy, lysosomes degrade waste, and Golgi processes proteins.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The axon transmits action potentials; its destruction prevents signal propagation. Neurons have one axon, and dendrites receive stimuli, so only transmission is affected.