ATI RN
Pediatric Neurological NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Neuromuscular disease affects any component of the lower motor neuron unit. The distribution of muscle weakness can point toward specific diseases. The proximal muscle weakness is seen in
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dermatomyositis causproximal weakness, per rheumatology, from inflammatory myopathy affecting shoulder/hip girdles. Polyneuropathy and HMSN are distal; myotonic dystrophy mixed; distal myopathy distal. Proximal pattern make B the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
The CT scan report of your patient who complained from hemiparesis is as follow: unilateral clefts within the cerebral hemispherthat extend from the cortical surface to the ventricular cavity. Of the following, the MOST likely cause of this description is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Schizencephaly matchunilateral clefts from cortex to ventricle on CT, per neurology, causing hemiparesis from migration defects. Lissencephaly lacks gyri; pachygyria thick gyri; polymicrogyria excessive folds. Cleft specificity makes A the correct answer.
Question 3 of 5
A child presents with acute, focal neurologic deficits (hemiparesis) with visual, speech, and sensory deficits. Radiological imaging is consistent with hemorrhagic stroke (HS). Of the following, the MOST common cause of HS is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sickle cell anemia is the most common cause of pediatric hemorrhagic stroke, per AHA, from vaso-occlusion and vessel fragility. Heart disease risks embolism; anemia rare; vasculitis inflammatory; dissection traumatic. Sickle prevalence make B the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
An anxious mother consults you about her healthy looking son who is complaining from rapid, purposeless, involuntary, stereotyped movements that typically involvthe face. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tics are rapid, stereotyped, involuntary facial movements, per DSM-5, common in healthy kids (e.g., Tourette). Myoclonus is jerky; tremor rhythmic; dystonia sustained; athetosis writhing. Tics prevalence makes C the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following syndromof post traumatic intracranial hemorrhage cause neck stiffness?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Subarachnoid hemorrhage causneck stiffness, per neurology, from blood irritating meningpost-trauma. Subdural , epidural , intraparenchymal , and contusion lack meningeal involvement. SAHs meningism makes D the correct answer.