Neuroleptanalgesia has all of the following properties EXCEPT:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because hypertension is not a common consequence of neuroleptanalgesia. Droperidol and fentanyl are commonly used (A), and it can be combined with nitrous oxide for neuroleptanesthesia (B). Confusion and mental depression are potential adverse effects (D). The key is to recognize that hypertension is not a typical outcome of neuroleptanalgesia, making choice C the correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker and is not recommended in the initial stages of treating heart failure. ACE inhibitors and diuretics are commonly used to manage heart failure symptoms, while reduced salt intake is essential to prevent fluid retention. Verapamil can lead to negative effects on the heart in some heart failure patients, making it unsuitable for initial treatment. It is crucial to prioritize medications like ACE inhibitors and diuretics that have proven benefits in managing heart failure.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Potassium channel openers (Minoxidil). Potassium channel openers do not decrease myocardial oxygen requirement or increase myocardial oxygen delivery in angina. Nitrates and nitrite drugs, calcium channel blockers, and beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs all have mechanisms that achieve both of these effects. Nitrates and nitrite drugs dilate coronary arteries, increasing oxygen delivery, and decrease preload, decreasing oxygen demand. Calcium channel blockers reduce myocardial contractility and dilate coronary arteries. Beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs reduce heart rate and contractility, thus reducing oxygen demand. Potassium channel openers like minoxidil primarily act as vasodilators but do not have a direct effect on myocardial oxygen demand or delivery in angina.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because diuretics help reduce blood volume and sodium ions, leading to decreased blood pressure. By promoting diuresis, diuretics decrease the workload on the heart and blood vessels, thus helping to manage hypertension. A: Blocking adrenergic transmission is typically done by beta-blockers, not diuretics. C: Depression of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is targeted by ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, not diuretics. D: Depression of the vasomotor center is related to centrally acting antihypertensive medications, not diuretics.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vasopressin possesses antidiuretic properties. Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), acts on the kidneys to increase water reabsorption, reducing urine output and conserving water in the body. This helps maintain body fluid balance and prevent dehydration. Choice B is incorrect because vasopressin actually has vasoconstrictive properties, not vasodilatory properties. Choice C is incorrect because vasopressin does not stimulate the release of thyroid hormones. Choice D is also incorrect because vasopressin is known for its antidiuretic effect, not diuretic effect.