ATI RN
Nursing Practice Questions for Pediatric Infectious Disease Questions
Question 1 of 5
Neonatal hypocalcemia is considered when serum ionized calcium level is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Neonatal hypocalcemia is defined as ionized calcium ≤3.5 mg/dL (A), critical for neuromuscular function, per neonatal standards.
Question 2 of 5
The MOST common congenital infection and the leading cause of sensorineural hearing loss is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: CMV (C) is the most prevalent congenital infection and top cause of sensorineural hearing loss, affecting ~1% of newborns, per CDC data.
Question 3 of 5
The treatment of choice for neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acyclovir (C) is the standard treatment for neonatal HSV, reducing morbidity and mortality, unlike observation (A), vaccination (B, none exists), IVIG (D), or ganciclovir (E, for CMV).
Question 4 of 5
In neonatal sepsis, the infection may be acquired through the transplacental or transcervical routes or through ascending infection. Of the following, the organism that is acquired by transplacental route is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Listeria (E) is uniquely acquired transplacentally, causing early-onset sepsis, unlike others (A, B, C, D) typically from birth canal or postnatal sources.
Question 5 of 5
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is caused by the acute and chronic effects of oxygen toxicity on the developing blood vessels of the premature infant's retina. To avoid the ROP, arterial oxygen level in premature infants should be kept between
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: PaOâ‚‚ of 50-70 mm Hg (C) minimizes ROP risk while ensuring oxygenation, per neonatal oxygen guidelines.