ATI RN
Basic Care Needs of Patients Questions
Question 1 of 5
Negligence is divided into three categories. Which of the following is not one of the categories?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Milfeasance. Negligence is divided into three categories: malfeasance, misfeasance, and nonfeasance. Milfeasance is not a recognized category of negligence. Malfeasance refers to intentional wrongdoing, misfeasance refers to negligently performing a legal act, and nonfeasance refers to a failure to act when there is a duty to do so. Milfeasance is not a term used in legal contexts to describe a category of negligence, making it the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
Early central venous pressure monitoring during fluid resuscitation in the ED has the greatest utility in a:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because central venous pressure monitoring is crucial in patients with severe cardiac contusion to guide fluid resuscitation and assess cardiac function. In this scenario, monitoring CVP can help optimize fluid management and prevent fluid overload. A: Patient with a splenic laceration - CVP monitoring is not necessary for this injury. B: Patient with an inhalation injury - CVP monitoring is not specifically indicated for this condition. C: 6-year-old child with a pelvic fracture - While CVP monitoring can be useful in pediatric trauma patients, it is not specifically indicated for a pelvic fracture in a child without signs of hemodynamic instability.
Question 3 of 5
A four-year-old girl, weighing approximately 20kg is admitted in shock after an automobile crash. The initial fluid challenge or bolus should consist of Ringers lactate solution in the volume of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 400ml. For a pediatric patient in shock, initial fluid resuscitation typically starts with a bolus of 20ml/kg of crystalloid solution. In this case, the girl weighs 20kg, so 20ml/kg x 20kg = 400ml. This bolus helps restore intravascular volume and improve perfusion. Choice A (200ml) is too low and would not provide adequate volume for resuscitation. Choice C (440ml) is slightly higher than the calculated volume and may increase the risk of fluid overload. Choice D (600ml) is excessive and may lead to complications such as pulmonary edema. Therefore, option B is the most suitable initial fluid bolus volume for this patient's condition.
Question 4 of 5
A 22-year-old male fell from 2m and has a large right pneumothorax. Chest tube placed but x-rays show persistent pneumothorax. The diagnosis is likely:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, "Tracheobronchal injury," because the scenario of a large right pneumothorax following a fall from a height suggests a significant chest trauma. The persistence of the pneumothorax despite chest tube placement indicates an ongoing source of air leak, which is commonly seen with tracheobronchial injuries. Rib fractures (B) would not cause persistent pneumothorax. Pulmonary contusion (C) typically presents with diffuse alveolar damage. Cardiac tamponade (D) is unlikely in this case as there are no indications of cardiac injury.
Question 5 of 5
Minute ventilation increases primarily due to an increase in tidal volume. Hypocapnia (PaCO2 of 30 mm Hg) is therefore common in late pregnancy. A PaCO2 of 35 to 40 mm Hg may indicate impending respiratory failure during pregnancy.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because assessing the airway, breathing, and circulation (ABC) should be combined with a thorough clinical examination, including imaging studies like AP and odontoid X-rays or CT scans, to evaluate potential spinal cord injuries comprehensively. This approach allows for a more accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because performing ABC assessments alone may not provide sufficient information to evaluate spinal cord injuries in trauma patients, and imaging studies are necessary to rule out or confirm such injuries.