Nancy is a nurse. After talking with her mother, she became concerned enough to drive over and check on her. Her mother's appearance is disheveled, words are nonsensical, smells strongly of urine, and there is a stain on her dressing gown. Nancy recognizes that her mother's condition is likely temporary due to:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: A urinary tract infection. Nancy's mother's symptoms such as nonsensical speech, disheveled appearance, strong urine smell, and stain on dressing gown are indicative of a urinary tract infection. UTIs in the elderly can cause confusion, delirium, and incontinence. By recognizing these symptoms, Nancy can suspect a UTI as the cause and seek medical treatment promptly to address the infection. Incorrect choices: A: Early onset dementia - Symptoms of UTI are acute and temporary, not indicative of a chronic condition like dementia. B: A mild cognitive disorder - UTI symptoms are not typically associated with mild cognitive disorders. D: Skipping breakfast - Skipping breakfast does not explain the range of symptoms observed in Nancy's mother.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate housing for Mr. Jones is group housing (Choice C) as it provides a supportive environment crucial for his recovery. Group housing offers peer support, structured routines, and access to counseling services, which can help him maintain sobriety and prevent relapse. Detoxification unit (Choice A) is not suitable as Mr. Jones has already been discharged from treatment. Nursing home (Choice B) is not appropriate as he does not require long-term care. Homeless shelter (Choice D) does not provide the necessary support for his complex needs. Group housing is the best option for Mr. Jones to ensure his continued recovery and well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: self-stigma. Self-stigma occurs when individuals internalize negative beliefs and attitudes about themselves due to their mental illness. In this scenario, the person feels shame for being sick, indicating self-stigma. Caregiver stigma (B) refers to stigma experienced by those caring for individuals with mental illness. Institutional stigma (C) pertains to stigma within organizations or systems. Public stigma (D) involves societal attitudes and discrimination towards individuals with mental illness. In this case, the individual's shame is self-directed, making self-stigma the most appropriate choice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. This is because providing clear reasons for policies and procedures helps establish transparency and fosters trust in the nurse-client relationship. By explaining the rationale behind actions taken, the nurse shows respect for the client's autonomy and promotes understanding. Choice B focuses on interpersonal communication but may not directly contribute to trust-building. Choice C involves empathy but does not necessarily directly address trust. Choice D involves collaboration but may not specifically address trust-building through transparent communication.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the 21-year-old client who is hearing and seeing things that others do not is of legal age to provide informed consent. They have the capacity to make decisions about their own treatment. Choice B is incorrect because a client diagnosed with severe intellectual development disorder may lack the capacity to provide informed consent. Choice C is incorrect because a client declared legally incompetent does not have the capacity to give informed consent. Choice D is incorrect because a 14-year-old client is typically considered a minor and may not have the legal capacity to provide informed consent.