ATI RN
Nutrition and Fluid Balance Questions
Question 1 of 5
Na+ is the major cation of the ICF, while K+ is the major anion of the ECF.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. Na+ is the major cation of the ECF (extracellular fluid), not the ICF (intracellular fluid). K+ is the major cation of the ICF, not the major anion of the ECF. Therefore, the statement in the question is incorrect. Choice A is incorrect because it incorrectly states the information. Choices C and D are irrelevant as they do not provide any relevant response to the question.
Question 2 of 5
Extracellular fluid volume depends primarily on the sodium load in the body.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Extracellular fluid volume is mainly regulated by sodium levels as sodium plays a key role in maintaining fluid balance. When sodium levels are high, water is retained in the extracellular space, increasing volume. Conversely, low sodium levels lead to water excretion, decreasing volume. Therefore, the statement that extracellular fluid volume depends primarily on sodium load is true. Other choices are not applicable as they do not provide relevant information.
Question 3 of 5
A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes and a lower concentration of H O than an isotonic solution.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Define hypertonic solution as having a higher solute concentration. Step 2: Define isotonic solution as having equal solute concentrations. Step 3: Hypertonic solution has lower water concentration due to higher solute concentration. Step 4: Therefore, A is TRUE: Hypertonic solution has higher solute concentration and lower water concentration. Summary: B is incorrect because hypertonic solution does have higher solute concentration. Choices C and D are not applicable as they do not provide relevant information.
Question 4 of 5
The thirst centre is closely related to, or perhaps identical to, the cells that secrete vasopressin.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The thirst center is indeed closely related to the cells that secrete vasopressin. When the body is dehydrated, the thirst center in the brain is activated, leading to the release of vasopressin, a hormone that helps regulate water balance by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys. This close relationship between the thirst center and vasopressin-secreting cells highlights their interconnected roles in maintaining proper hydration levels in the body. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not provide a logical explanation or reasoning behind the relationship between the thirst center and vasopressin-secreting cells.
Question 5 of 5
If a patient is experiencing alkalaemia, they are likely experiencing alkalosis as well.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: TRUE. Alkalaemia refers to an elevated blood pH level, indicating alkalosis, which is a condition characterized by excessive alkalinity in body fluids. Alkalosis can result from various factors such as hyperventilation or excessive loss of acids. Therefore, if a patient is experiencing alkalaemia, they are likely experiencing alkalosis as well. The other choices are incorrect because they do not provide a logical explanation or rationale for the relationship between alkalaemia and alkalosis.