ATI RN
Gastrointestinal System Nursing Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Na+ and other carrier ions facilitate absorption of
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Na+ facilitates the absorption of glucose and amino acids through sodium-dependent transporters in the intestinal cells. Glucose and amino acids are transported into the cells along with Na+ ions, making option D the correct choice. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because Na+ does not facilitate the absorption of fructose, fatty acids, or glycerol through specific transport mechanisms.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new colostomy. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it is important for the nurse to educate the client that fecal output should be expected within 24 hours after colostomy surgery. This information is crucial for the client to understand the functioning of the colostomy and to monitor for any potential issues. Choice B is incorrect because increasing dietary intake of raw vegetables may not be suitable for all colostomy patients and can potentially lead to digestive issues. Choice C is incorrect because a purplish color of the stoma is not a normal finding and could indicate inadequate blood supply or other complications that should be promptly addressed by a healthcare provider. Choice D is incorrect because experiencing bleeding around the stoma is abnormal and should be reported to the healthcare provider immediately for further evaluation.
Question 3 of 5
The term gastrointestinal (GI) tract refers to the
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: The GI tract starts from the oral cavity where digestion begins. Step 2: It then moves to the pharynx, esophagus for food transport. Step 3: Next, the food enters the stomach for further digestion. Step 4: The small intestine is where most digestion and absorption occur. Step 5: Lastly, the large intestine absorbs water and prepares waste for elimination. Step 6: Thus, answer A includes all the structures involved in the entire digestive process, making it the correct choice. Summary: Choice B is incorrect as it omits the oral cavity. Choice C excludes the pharynx. Choice D is incorrect as it misses the oral cavity, pharynx, and esophagus.
Question 4 of 5
Accumulation of excess fluid in the peritoneal cavity is called
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: ascites. Ascites is the accumulation of excess fluid in the peritoneal cavity. This condition can be caused by liver disease, heart failure, kidney disease, or certain cancers. Peritonitis (A) is inflammation of the peritoneum, not fluid accumulation. Hiatal hernia (B) is a condition where the stomach bulges through the diaphragm. Inguinal hernia (C) is the protrusion of abdominal contents through the inguinal canal. Hence, choices A, B, and C are incorrect in the context of excess fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity.
Question 5 of 5
The salivary gland which is mixed but produces more serous than mucous secretions and whose duct opens inferiorly in the floor of the oral cavity next to the frenulum of the tongue is the ______ salivary gland.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: submandibular gland. This gland is mixed but predominantly serous, with a duct opening in the oral cavity floor near the frenulum of the tongue. The sublingual gland (B) is primarily mucous, not mixed. Palatine glands (C) are located in the roof of the mouth and are minor salivary glands. The parotid gland (D) is serous but opens into the oral cavity through the parotid duct, not near the frenulum.