Myxedema, Graves’ disease, and cretinism are:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Myxedema, Graves' disease, and cretinism are all disorders directly related to the thyroid gland, involving either hypo or hyperactivity. Myxedema and cretinism are hypothyroid disorders, while Graves' disease is a hyperthyroid disorder. Thus, the correct answer is C. Choice A is incorrect as Graves' disease is a hyperthyroid disorder. Choice B is incorrect as these disorders are not solely due to a deficiency of TSH. Choice D is incorrect as treatment can vary depending on the specific disorder and may not always involve T3 and/or T4.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pancreas. The pancreas is both an endocrine and exocrine gland. It secretes hormones like insulin and glucagon (endocrine function) into the bloodstream to regulate blood sugar levels, while also producing digestive enzymes (exocrine function) that are released into the small intestine to aid in digestion. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Thyroid - primarily an endocrine gland that produces hormones like thyroxine. B: Thymus - strictly an endocrine gland responsible for T-cell development. D: Pituitary - also an endocrine gland that controls various other endocrine glands in the body.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: nervous system. The endocrine system and nervous system work together in maintaining the body's equilibrium through communication and regulation of bodily functions. The nervous system controls rapid responses, while the endocrine system regulates slower, long-term responses through hormones. The digestive system (A) primarily focuses on breaking down food and absorbing nutrients. The respiratory system (C) is responsible for gas exchange. The reproductive system (D) is involved in reproduction and hormone production, but not in maintaining the body's equilibrium.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Steroid hormones are secreted by the adrenal cortex. The adrenal cortex is responsible for producing steroid hormones such as cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones. This is supported by the understanding of endocrine gland functions. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because steroid hormones do not require a second messenger, are not secreted by the posterior pituitary, and are not secreted by the pancreas. Understanding the specific glands and their hormone production is crucial in selecting the correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pancreas. The pancreas is both an endocrine and exocrine gland. It secretes digestive enzymes (exocrine function) into the small intestine to aid in digestion, and it also releases hormones like insulin and glucagon (endocrine function) into the bloodstream to regulate blood sugar levels. Rationale: 1. The thyroid gland (choice A) is solely an endocrine gland responsible for producing hormones that regulate metabolism. 2. The thymus gland (choice B) is primarily an endocrine gland involved in immune function, producing hormones that regulate T cell development. 3. The pituitary gland (choice D) is known as the master gland and is purely endocrine, controlling various hormonal functions in the body. In summary, the pancreas uniquely exhibits both endocrine and exocrine functions, making it the correct choice.