Muscles attached to diaphragm contract during inspiration to make it

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Flat. During inspiration, the muscles attached to the diaphragm contract, causing it to flatten. This action increases the volume of the thoracic cavity, allowing air to rush into the lungs. The diaphragm moving downward creates a larger space for the lungs to expand. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the diaphragm does not become dome-shaped, concave, or rotate during inspiration. The key concept here is understanding the role of the diaphragm in the breathing process and how its contraction affects the shape of the thoracic cavity.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Try warm, moist heat packs on your face. Warm, moist heat can help relieve facial pain and sinus pressure by promoting sinus drainage and reducing inflammation. Ice packs may not be as effective for this type of pain. Limiting fluids can worsen symptoms by drying out the sinuses. Scheduling a CT scan is not necessary at this point as the symptoms described are indicative of sinusitis, which can often be managed with conservative measures like warm compresses.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The maxillary sinuses are paired cavities located on either side of the nose, beneath the orbits. Ethmoidal sinuses (A) are smaller and located between the eyes. Frontal sinuses (B) are above the eyebrows. Sphenoidal sinuses (D) are deeper within the skull, behind the nasal cavity.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, option D is the most appropriate action for an experienced LPN/LVN. Evaluating the client's technique for using MDIs is within the scope of practice for an LPN/LVN as it involves assessing and ensuring proper medication administration, which is a crucial aspect of nursing care. Option A, auscultating breath sounds, is more aligned with the role of a registered nurse or respiratory therapist who have advanced assessment skills. Option B, administering MDI medications, typically falls under the responsibilities of a registered nurse or a healthcare provider with prescriptive authority. Option C, checking oxygen saturation using pulse oximetry, is also usually performed by a registered nurse or respiratory therapist who can interpret the results and make appropriate clinical decisions based on the findings. This question provides valuable educational context by highlighting the importance of understanding the scope of practice for different levels of nursing personnel and emphasizes the significance of appropriate delegation and collaboration within a healthcare team to ensure safe and effective patient care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is option A) Perform postural drainage and chest physiotherapy every 4 hours. This nursing activity is most important because it directly addresses the client's respiratory system needs. Postural drainage and chest physiotherapy help mobilize secretions, improve lung function, and prevent complications such as pneumonia in clients with respiratory issues. It is a vital component of respiratory care for clients with conditions like pneumonia, cystic fibrosis, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Option B) discussing the client's feelings about a living will is not the most immediate or critical nursing activity when compared to addressing the client's respiratory needs. While discussing end-of-life care preferences is important, it is not as urgent as ensuring proper respiratory care. Option C) placing the client in a private room to decrease infection risk is a good infection control measure, but it does not directly address the client's respiratory needs or provide the necessary care for their condition. Option D) planning activities to allow uninterrupted sleep is important for overall patient well-being, but it is not as critical as managing the client's respiratory status in this scenario. In an educational context, understanding the prioritization of nursing activities is crucial for nursing students and healthcare professionals. This question highlights the importance of recognizing the immediate needs of the client and prioritizing care based on those needs. It reinforces the significance of respiratory care interventions in clients with respiratory system issues to prevent complications and promote optimal health outcomes.