ATI RN
Varneys Midwifery Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Ms. Carpenter is a 28-year-old female who presents in significant pain she indicates that the discomfort is in the right lower quadrant. The discomfort is colicky in nature and has the patient in tears. Which of the following associated findings increases the index of suspicion for ureteral colic?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hematuria (blood in the urine) is a common associated finding in ureteral colic. The presence of blood in the urine suggests that there may be damage or irritation to the urinary tract, typically caused by the passage of a kidney stone through the ureter. Along with the sharp, colicky pain in the right lower quadrant, the presence of hematuria significantly raises the suspicion for ureteral colic.
Question 2 of 5
On postoperative day 7 following hepatic transplant, the patient evidences signs and symptoms of acute rejection, confirmed by histologic examination. The AGACNP knows that first-line treatment of acute rejection consists of
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The first-line treatment for acute rejection following hepatic transplant is high-dose corticosteroids, such as methylprednisolone. This is because corticosteroids have potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects that can help suppress the immune response causing rejection. Cyclosporine, azathioprine, and sirolimus are also commonly used immunosuppressive medications in transplant patients, but in this case of acute rejection, the immediate treatment of choice is methylprednisolone.
Question 3 of 5
Achalasia is a risk factor for
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Achalasia is a motility disorder characterized by the inability of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax, resulting in difficulty swallowing and impaired movement of food from the esophagus into the stomach. Patients with achalasia have an increased risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. This risk is due to chronic inflammation, stasis of food in the esophagus, and increased exposure of esophageal mucosa to irritants, all of which can contribute to the development of cancer over time. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Choice B) is less likely to be associated with achalasia because the impaired esophageal motility in achalasia results in decreased, rather than increased, reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus. Esophageal atrophy (Choice C) and malabsorption syndromes (Choice D) are not directly related to achalasia.
Question 4 of 5
K. W. is a 50-year-old woman who presents for surgical resection of the liver for treatment of metastatic colon cancer. Preoperatively, the surgeon tells her that he is planning to remove 50 to 75 of her liver. The patient is concerned that she will not be able to recover normal liver function with that much removed. The AGACNP counsels her that
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The liver is known for its remarkable ability to regenerate. Major regeneration can occur within 10 days after partial hepatectomy (liver resection) as a compensatory mechanism. The process is typically complete within 5 weeks. This regenerative capacity allows for safe removal of a significant portion of the liver for procedures such as liver resection for cancer. The remaining liver tissue is able to rapidly proliferate and restore normal liver function. The patient should be reassured that even with 50 to 75% of her liver being removed, she can expect a significant amount of liver function recovery postoperatively.
Question 5 of 5
Jake is a 32-year-old patient who is recovering from major abdominal surgery and organ resection following a catastrophic motor vehicle accident. Due to the nature of his injuries, a large portion of his jejunum had to be resected. In planning for his recovery and nutritional needs, the AGACNP considers that
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The jejunum is the primary site for absorption of nutrients, including vitamin B12. Resection of a large portion of the jejunum can lead to malabsorption of vitamin B12, as this nutrient is primarily absorbed in the distal ileum but also partially absorbed in the jejunum. Thus, Jake is at significant risk for B12 absorption problems following his surgery, and close monitoring and potential supplementation may be needed to address this issue.