ATI RN
EMT Vital Signs Assessment Questions
Question 1 of 5
Mrs. Jaeger is a 67–year-old who went through menopause at age 55. She has now had some vaginal bleeding. Which of the following should be considered?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, "All of the above." 1. Endometrial cancer is a concern due to postmenopausal bleeding. 2. Hormone replacement therapy can lead to abnormal bleeding. 3. Uterine or cervical polyps can also cause vaginal bleeding in postmenopausal women. Therefore, all options should be considered in Mrs. Jaeger's case to rule out any serious underlying conditions.
Question 2 of 5
A patient complains of shortness of breath for the past few days. On examination, you note late inspiratory crackles in the lower third of the chest that were not present a week ago. What is the most likely explanation for these?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Heart failure. Late inspiratory crackles at the bases suggest fluid accumulation in the alveoli, typical of heart failure. Explanation: Heart failure can cause pulmonary edema leading to crackles. Asthma (A) typically presents with wheezing, not crackles. COPD (B) usually presents with expiratory wheezes. Bronchiectasis (C) is characterized by chronic productive cough and not typically late inspiratory crackles. In summary, the presence of late inspiratory crackles in the lower third of the chest points towards heart failure due to pulmonary edema.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is performing the Denver II screening test on a 12-month-old infant during a routine well-child visit. The nurse should tell the infant's parents that the Denver II:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the Denver II screening test is indeed a tool designed to detect children who are slow in development across various areas, such as motor skills, social skills, and language development. It is not specific to intellectual ability or predicting future school problems, as suggested in option D. It also does not solely focus on speech disorders, as mentioned in option B. While the Denver II assesses cognitive, physical, and psychological development, it is primarily used to identify developmental delays rather than diagnosing specific disorders, making option A incorrect.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse has used interpretation regarding a patient's statement or actions. After using this technique, it would be best for the nurse to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because allowing time for the patient to confirm or correct the inference is essential after using interpretation. This step promotes effective communication by giving the patient the opportunity to clarify their intentions or feelings. It shows respect for the patient's perspective and encourages open dialogue. Apologizing (choice A) may not be necessary if interpretation is done respectfully. Continuing with the interview (choice C) without addressing the interpretation can hinder rapport. Immediately restating the conclusion (choice D) without seeking confirmation may lead to misunderstandings. In summary, choice B promotes patient-centered care and ensures accurate communication.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse keeps in mind the most important step to prevent microorganism transmission in hospitals is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Washing hands before and after contact with patients. Hand hygiene is the most crucial step to prevent microorganism transmission in hospitals. It helps reduce the spread of infections from patient to patient and healthcare workers. Washing hands effectively removes bacteria and viruses, preventing their transmission. Wearing protective eyewear (A) is important for eye protection but does not directly prevent microorganism transmission. Wearing gloves (B) is essential for specific patient interactions but does not address all instances of transmission. Cleaning stethoscopes (D) is important for equipment hygiene, but handwashing is more critical for overall infection control.